Virtual Herbarium

Notes on Floridas Endangered and Threatened Plants1

4th Edition, August 2003

Nancy C. Coile2
updated by Mark A. Garland3

Endangered Plant List

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Luer, 73, 75 

Wunderlin, 247

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Scientific Name ReferencesCommon Names Family Descriptions
1. Acacia choriophylla Benth. 
 
 
 
 
 

|Atlas; Nelson, plate #71; Scurlock, p. 2 
FL Keys, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 588

Isely, 8

Long and Lakela, 453 

Ward, 3

Wunderlin, 341

 tamarindillo

cinnecord

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family.

Mimosoideae;

acacia subfamily

 tree to 9 m tall; spineless; lvs cpd, 1-3 pairs of segments, 4-8 pairs of lflets, lflets 1-2 cm long; petiolar gland circular and sessile; yellow flowers; stamens numerous; frt a woody legume with non-arillate seed; ecotone between rockland hammock and marine tidal swamp, coastal berm; Dade (escape) and Monroe cos.; summer.
2. Acacia tortuosa (L.) Willd.
 
 

| Atlas; Nelson, plate #74 
FL, West Indies, South America 

 Correll and Correll, 590

Isely, 7

Long and Lakela, 452

Wunderlin, 341

 poponax Leguminosae/ 

Mimosoideae

[see above for common names]

 shrubby tree to 5 m tall; stipular spines (may be fused at bases); lvs cpd, 4-8 pairs of segments, 15-20 pairs of lflets; petiolar gland elliptic; yellow flowers; stamens numerous; frt a slender moniliform, slightly curved, woody legume; hammocks on shell middens; Collier Co. (extirpated?)
3. Actaea pachypoda Elliott
 
 

| Atlas 
Quebec to Ontario and Minn., s to FL, LA and OK 

 Clewell, 460

Radford et al., 456

Small, 513, as A. alba

Ward, 127-128

Wunderlin, 298

 doll's eyes

baneberry

necklace weed

white baneberry

 Ranunculaceae;

buttercup family 

 perennial herb; lvs cpd; many white flrs with thick stalks which later become red; frts hard, white berries with blackish dot (persistent stigma); rich woods, slope forest, stream banks; Liberty Co.; Mar.
4. Adiantum melanoleucum Willd. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin 
West Indies in Greater Antilles, Bahamas, FL

 FNA, 128

Lakela and Long, 68

Long and Lakela, 90

Small: ferns, 116,117

Ward, 3-4

Wunderlin, 40

 fragrant maidenhair 

fern

 Pteridophyta--

Adiantaceae;

maidenhair fern

family

 fern; rachis hairy and dull; lvs to 80 cm long, margins finely and irregularly serrate, lf segments oriented at right angles to rachis and continuous with stalk; false indusium crescent-shaped, on segment margins; rockland hammocks, limestone sinkholes; Dade Co. (Monroe Co. record is an error.)
5. Adiantum tenerum Swartz

FL, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Venezuela 

 FNA, 127

Lakela and Long, 63

Long and Lakela, 90

Small: ferns, 121-123

Wunderlin, 40

 brittle maidenhair fern Pteridophyta--

Adiantaceae;

maidenhair fern

family

 fern; rachis smooth and shiny; lv segments fan-shaped, with a tiny white annular joint at base; sink walls, grottos, and limestone ledges; Alachua, Citrus, Dade, Hernando, Hillsborough, Marion, Pinellas, St. Johns and Volusia cos.
6. Aeschynomene pratensis Small
 

A. pratensis var. pratensis is endemic to FL.

| Chafin 
var. caribaea Rudd is a tropical complex, widely distributed. 

 Isely, 185-186

Long and Lakela, 488

Small, 727

Wunderlin, 341-342

 meadow jointvetch Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 perennial herb to 2 m tall; petiole 3-8 cm long; 20-24 lflets, with prominent midvein, entire; yellow to orange petals; legume with distinctly crenate loments; pineland margins; (Broward), Collier, Dade and Monroe cos. Blooms all year.
7. Ageratum littorale A. Gray 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Central America 

 Cronquist, 194

Long and Lakela, 870

Small, 1319

Wunderlin, 604

 Cape Sable whiteweed

seashore ageratum

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Eupatorieae 

 herb; lvs opposite, succulent, glabrous; corollas blue; achenes 5-angled; pappus a tiny crown of scales; hammocks and along the shore; Monroe Co.- from Lignum Vitae Key to Key West.; all year.
8. Agrimonia incisa Torrey and A. Gray
 

FL, SC, GA, MS 

 Clewell, 466

Radford et al., 547

Small, 616

Wunderlin, 327

 harvest-lice

incised agrimony

 Rosaceae;

rose family.

Spiraeoideae;

spireaea subfamily

 herb, to 1 m tall; stem unarmed; lflets 7-9, unequal, stipules prominent, terminal lflet less than 2.5 cm long, sessile and amber glands on lower leaf surface; hypanthium to 2 mm long; petals to 2 mm long; sandhills, woods and thickets; Alachua, Calhoun, Citrus, Escambia, Hernando, Jackson, Madison, Marion, Suwannee, Wakulla and Washington cos.; Sep-Oct.
9. Aletris bracteata Northrup

Included in A. farinosa L. by Correll and Correll, Long and Lakela

Wunderlin distinguishes the panhandle A. farinosa from A. bracteata.
 

FL to New England and Ontario, west to WI and TX

 Clewell, 351

Correll & Correll, 297-299

Long and Lakela, 294

Radford et al., 302

Small, 316

Wunderlin, 205-206

 bracted colic-root Melanthiaceae;

bunchflower
family or,
Liliaceae;
lily family

 perennial herbs with rhizomes; lvs mostly basal and linear, stem lvs reduced; stems to 60 cm tall; perianth white, 5-8 mm long, cylindric or constricted above the middle, slightly granular; capsule conic; pine rocklands, marl prairies; (Collier) , Dade and Monroe [incl. Keys], cos.; all year.
10. Alvaradoa amorphoides Liebm. 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin 
S FL, Mexico, Central America, West Indies, South America 

 Correll and Correll, 737-738

Long and Lakela, 517

Small, 763-764

Wunderlin, 386-387

 alvaradoa

Mexican alvaradoa

 Picramniaceae, or Simaroubaceae;

picramnia family, or quassia family

 shrub or small tree; leaflets 19 to 51, 1-2.5 cm long, with appearance of Amorpha; lvs alternate; flowers tiny, green or yellowish, in drooping racemes, pistillate racemes up to 13 cm long, staminate ones to 20 cm long; fruits samaras, densely pubescent; pine rocklands, rockland hammocks; Dade Co. (Monroe Co. record is error.)
11. Amorpha crenulata Rydb.

Endangered Species Act, 1973; Fed. Register, 18 July 1985.

Isely uses A. herbacea Walter var. crenulata (Rydberg) Isely. Wunderlin concurs.

| Chafin endemic 

 Isely, 73

Long and Lakela, 478

Small, 690

Wunderlin, 343

 Miami lead plant Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 shrub; to 3 m tall; not hairy; leaflets 25-33, crenulate (with small rounded teeth), terminal gland on leaflets; lflet stalks 1.5-2 mm long; corollas white, single petal 6 mm long; vacant lots, pine rockland, marl prairie, fire-maintained; Dade Co.; Feb-Aug.
12. Anemia wrightii Baker ex Hook. and Baker
 
 
 
 

| Chafin Florida, Cuba 

 Correll and Correll, 7

FNA, 118

Wunderlin, 38

 parsley fern 

Wright's pineland fern

 Pteridophyta--

Anemiaceae/

Schizaeaceae.
 

 fern; less than 15 cm tall; 2-compound, papery to leathery, 2-4 pairs of segments; ultimate segments of sterile fronds oblanceolate, very narrow at base and deeply toothed at tip; fertile fronds with sporangia on all segments, blade tissue lacking; solution holes in rockland hammocks; Dade Co.
13. Aquilegia canadensis L. 

[A. canadensis var. australis (Small) Munz is intended.] 
 

Nova Scotia to Saskatchewan, south to FL and TX 

 Clewell, 460

Gleason and Cronquist, 60

Radford et al., 454-454

Small, 514

Ward, 130

Wunderlin, 298-299

 columbine

wild columbine

 Ranunculaceae;

buttercup family

 herb; pendent red and yellow flrs, complex structure with hollow spur; woodlands, Jackson, Liberty and Washington cos.; Mar-Apr.
14. Arabis canadensis L. 
 
 

| Atlas 
ME to MN, south to FL and TX 

 Clewell, 339

Gleason and Cronquist, 192

Radford et al., 510-511

Small, 572

Wunderlin, 311-312

 sicklepod Cruciferae/

Brassicaceae;

mustard family

 herb; median lvs not auriculate-clasping, hairy; petals white to pinkish; fruit pod flattened, long and narrow; rich woods, limestone outcrops; Jackson and Liberty cos.; Mar-Apr.
15. Argusia gnaphalodes (L.) Heine

[In 1998 Rule, listed as: Tournefortia gnaphalodes (L.) R.Br. ex 

Roem. and J.A. Schult.]
 

|Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 232; Scurlock, p.109

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 1208-

1209, as Mallotonia

Long and Lakela, 731

Ward, 101-102

Wunderlin, 515

 sea lavender (Limonium carolinianum

is also sea lavender)

bay lavender

 Boraginaceae;

borage family

 shrub up to 2 m tall; lvs oblanceolate, to 10 cm long, with silky hairs, succulent; corollas white, tinged pink in throat; frt conical-ovoid, hollowed at base, corky; coastal dunes, coastal rock barrens; Brevard, Broward, Dade, (Martin), Monroe [Keys only], Palm Beach and St. Lucie cos.; all year.
16. Argythamnia blodgettii (Torr.) Chapman 

| Chafin endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 558

Wunderlin, 391-394

 Blodgett's wild

mercury

Blodgett's silverbush

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 plants to 60 cm tall; hairs "T" shaped, with 2 arms; alternate lvs, to 4 cm long; flrs meager; seed with caruncle; pine rocklands, wet margins and openings of hammock, coastal rock barrens; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
17. Aristolochia pentandra Jacq.
 
 

| Chafin 
FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 439-440

Long and Lakela, 370

Small, 1281-1282

Wunderlin, 268-269

 Marsh's Dutchman's

pipe,

coastal aristolochia,

pitcher-plant

 Aristolochiaceae;

birthwort family

 herbaceous vine; lvs cordate, 5-10 cm long; calyx tube swollen at base on one side (vs. middle), the flared part (limb) narrow and long -pointed, veined; 5 stamens; capsule globose; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
18. Aristolochia tomentosa Sims
 
 

IN to KS, south to GA, FL and TX 

 Clewell, 248

Gleason and Cronquist, 44

Godfrey, 156-157

Godfrey and Wooten II, 64

Small, 1282

Wunderlin, 268-269

 pipevine

wooly Dutchman's pipe

 Aristolochiaceae;

birthwort family

 woody vine, high-climbing; lvs ovate, hairy, new growth densely and softly hairy; flrs bent into Meerschaum pipe shape, yellowish with purple orifice; fruit a capsule; floodplain forests; Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Gadsden, (Gulf), Holmes, Jackson, Liberty, Santa Rosa and Washington cos.; Apr. 
19. Arnica acaulis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas     Coastal Plain, PA, NJ south to FL

 Cronquist, 99

Ediger and Barkley, 27

Gleason and Cronquist, 535

Radford et al., 1038* *

Small, 1474* *

Wunderlin, 605

leopard's bane
southeastern arnica		 Compositae/ Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae (formerly Senecioneae)

perennial herb, glandular and hirsute, to 0.8 m tall; basal lvs in rosettes (but opposite), sessile, elliptic to ovate, toothed to entire, with 3-7 parallel veins, to 15 cm long; stem leaves few, opposite; heads several, large, with 2 rows of equal involucral bracts, 10-15 yellow rays to 2.5 cm long, and yellow disk fls on a convex, naked receptacle; pappus of white bristles; pine flatwoods; Jackson and Liberty cos.; Apr-May.
20. Arnoglossum album L. C. Anderson
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 endemic

Sida 18: 377-384. 1998* * white-flowered plantain
white Indian plantain 		Compositae/ Asteraceae;

daisy family tribe: Senecioneae

 glabrous perennial herb to 1 m tall; basal lvs to 62 cm long, with long petioles, blades ovate to oblong-lanceolate, entire, crenate, or serrate, with several parallel veins, the lateral veins appressed to midrib for 2-4 cm above base of blade before diverging; stem lvs few, alternate; heads in flattopped inflorescences, with 5 white prominently winged involucral bracts, the wings erose and highest at base, and 5 white disk flowers on a naked receptacle; pappus of white bristles; wet savannas and flatwoods; Bay and Gulf cos.; Jun-Jul.
21. Asclepias curtissii Gray 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Taylor, p. 86 endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 710

Small, 1072-1073

Ward, 69

Wunderlin, 499-501

 Curtiss' milkweed Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

 lvs opposite, petiolate, 10+ mm wide; umbel stalks longer than the petioles; flrs greenish white, hoods narrowly lanceolate; dry hammocks, scrub, flatwoods; Brevard, Broward, Clay, Collier, (DeSoto), (Flagler), (Hardee), Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Indian River, Lake, (Lee), Manatee, Marion, Martin, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk and (Putnam) cos.; May-Sep.
22. Asclepias viridiflora Raf.

Acerates viridiflora (Raf.) Eaton
 

|Atlas     CT, NY, MI, Manitoba south to FL, AZ, Mexico

 Clewell, 251

Gleason and Cronquist, 398

Radford et al., 854.

Small, 1067 (as Acerates)

Wunderlin, 502

green-flower milkweed

green milkweed

Apocynaceae;

dogbane family/

Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

perennial herb with milky juice, to 0.8 m tall; lvs opposite, sessile, entire, linear to broadly oblong, elliptic, or ovateoblong, with rounded tip; fls in dense spherical sessile or short-stalked umbels in upper lf axils, pale green; cor lobes reflexed, 6-8 mm long; base of hood adjacent to cor, without a column; hood without horns; fruit to 12 cm long; calcareous woods; Jackson and Gadsden cos.; Jun.
23. Asimina tetramera Small

Federal Register, 26 Sep 1986
 

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #55 
endemic 

 Small, 531

Ward, 5-6

Wunderlin, 306

 four-petal pawpaw

scrub pawpaw

 Annonaceae;

custard-apple

family

 aromatic shrub to 3 m; lvs with leathery texture; flrs in axils of new leaves; 4 sepals; 2 whorls of petals with 3 each OR, 3 in one and the other with 4; outer petals maroon; scrub; Martin and Palm Beach cos.; May-Aug.
24. Asplenium auritum Swartz

Atlas uses: A. erosum L.
 
 
 

West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 236

Lakela and Long, 118-119

Long and Lakela, 95

Small: ferns, 160

Ward, 6-7

Wunderlin, 51-52

 auricled spleen-wort

eared spleenwort

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Aspleniaceae;

spleenwort family

 epiphytic fern; desiccated lvs. expand with water; lvs leathery, lf-let segments auricled at base, with incised margins, rachis green and winged; on trunks of large trees, mostly live oaks in mesic hammocks, strand swamp; Citrus, 

Dade, Collier, Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, Sumter and Volusia cos.
25. Asplenium dentatum L.

[In the 1998 Rule, the name was A. trichomanes-dentatum L.]

Flora North America uses: A. trichomanes-dentatum L.
 
 
 

| Chafin West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 237

Lakela and Long, 114-115

Small: ferns, 158-159

Wunderlin, 51-53

 slender spleenwort Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Aspleniaceae;

spleenwort family

 fern; smallest of tropical spleenworts, to 20 cm long; 

tufted from non creeping rhizome; rachis dark only at the base, winged; segments asymmetrical, toothed margins; rockland hammocks, especially on rock walls in grottos; Broward, Dade and Palm Beach cos.
26. Asplenium monanthes L.

AL, AZ, NC, SC, FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America, Africa 

 FNA, 237-238

Lakela and Long, 115-116

Radford et al., 32

Ward, xvii

Wunderlin, 51-53

 San Felasco spleenwort

monosoral spleenwort

single sorus spleenwort

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Aspleniaceae;

spleenwort family

 fern; fronds to 30 cm tall; 3-5 cm wide; rachis purplish; segments overlap; 1 sorus per lf-let, near the margin; cultivated; upland mixed forest, limestone near streams; Alachua Co. (extirpated?) and Jackson Co.
27. Asplenium pumilum Swartz
 
 

West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 238-239

Lakela and Long, 124-125

Small: ferns, 175-176

Ward, 8

Wunderlin, 51-53

 dwarf spleenwort

triangle spleenwort

hairy spleenwort

chervil spleenwort

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Aspleniaceae;

spleenwort family

 fern; usually only a few cm tall; lvs compound, lvs triangular, hairy; shaded limestone boulders and ledges; Alachua, Citrus, Hernando, Marion and Volusia cos.
28. Asplenium serratum L.
 

| Chafin
West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 235

Lakela and Long, 125-126

Small: ferns, 152-153

Ward, 9

Wunderlin, 51-53

 bird's nest spleenwort

American bird's nest

fern

wild bird's nest fern

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Aspleniaceae;

spleenwort family

 fern; roots with abundant matted hairs; vase-shaped rosette of lvs; lvs undivided, toothed; fallen logs in swamps and hammocks; Broward, Collier, Dade, Lee and Volusia cos.
29. Asplenium verecundum Chapm. ex L. Underw.

Kartesz: A. myriophyllum (Sw.) C. Presl
 
 
 

| Chafin 
endemic 

 Clewell, 47, as A.

myriophyllum

FNA, 244-245

Lakela and Long, 122-123

Small: ferns, 162-163

Wunderlin, 51-53

 delicate spleenwort

modest spleenwort

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Aspleniaceae;

spleenwort family

 fern; fronds to 30 cm long and 5 cm wide; segments alternate on rachis, each further divided into 1 to 5 parts: "lacy" appearance; spores uniform and normal; limestone in grottoes, on cliffs and boulders in shaded woods; Alachua, Citrus, Columbia, Dade, Gilchrist, Hernando, Jackson, Liberty, Marion, Orange, Sumter and Taylor cos.
30. Aster hemisphericus Alexander

Wunderlin (1998) and Kartesz (1994): 

A. paludosus ssp. hemisphericus (Alexander) Cronq. 

Atlas: Eurybia hemispherica (Alexander) G.L. Nesom

MO, KS, TX, AR, TN, LA, MS, AL, GA 

 Clewell, 293

Cronquist, 156, as A.

hemisphericus

Small, 1391

Wunderlin, 607-610

 aster

southern swamp aster

 Compositae/

Asteraceae; 

daisy family

tribe: Asteraeae.

 basal and cauline lvs grass-like; head with subtending leaf-like bracts; peduncles stout, 2-10 cm long; upland mixed open woods, sandstone outcrops; Escambia and Washington cos.
31. Aster spinulosus Chapman

Atlas: Eurybia spinulosa (Chapm.) G. L. Nesom
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 294

Cronquist, 157

Godfrey and Wooten II, 828

Small, 1392

Wunderlin, 607-610

 pinewoods aster

Apalachicola aster

 Compositae/

Asteraceae; 

daisy family

tribe: Asteraeae.

 basal and cauline lvs grass-like, reduced upwards, lvs entire except sometimes remotely spinulose-toothed margins; peduncles up to 1 cm long, individual heads with 8-15 ray flrs; moist to dry pinelands and swamps; Bay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gulf and (Washington) cos.; Jul-Aug.
32. Baccharis dioica Vahl
 
 

FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1454-

1456

Cronquist, 167

Long and Lakela, 850-851

Small, 1397-1398

Wunderlin, 611

 broombush falsewillow,

Vahl's baccharis,

broom-bush,

groundsel tree

 Compositae/

Asteraceae; 

daisy family

tribe: Asteraeae.

 shrub, many branches, to 3 m tall; lvs spathulate-obovate, 2-4 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, entire, leathery, gland-dotted; staminate heads with about 20 flrs, pistillate heads ca. 50 flrs; pappus on achenes white, 8-14 mm long; hammocks, dune hollows; Dade Co. ; fall. Extirpated? 
33. Balduina atropurpurea Harper
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, GA, SC 

 Cronquist, 83

Godfrey and Wooten II, 801

Radford et al., 1120

Small, 1455, as Endorima

atropurpurea

Wunderlin, 611

 purple balduina

purpledisk honeycomb-

head

 Compositae/

Asteraceae; 

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 herbaceous perennial; lower cauline lvs 7-30 cm long and to 1 cm wide [B. uniflora's to 10 cm long]; 2 to 4 heads per plant; disk flowers dark purple [E. uniflora 's yellow], honey-comb-like receptacle, ray flowers yellow; pitcher plant bogs, moist pinelands, borders of shrub-tree bogs and bays; Clay, Nassau and Putnam cos.; fall.
34. Baptisia megacarpa Chapman ex Torrey and A.

Gray
 

AL, FL, GA 

 Clewell, 399

Isely, 114

Small, 677

Ward, 9-10

Wunderlin, 344-345

 Apalachicola wild- 

indigo

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae; 

legume family--

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 perennial herb to 1.5 m tall; lvs trifoliate, lf-lets 4-8 cm long, glabrous; corollas cream-colored; racemes terminal, 2 to 15 flrs; legume pendent, inflated; moist soil, woodlands, ravine slopes, adjacent to streams; Bay, Gadsden, Holmes, Leon, Liberty and (Washington) cos.; May.
35. Basiphyllaea corallicola (Small) Ames
 
 
 
 

| Chafin 
FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 340-341

Long and Lakela, 323

Luer, 228-230

Small, 393

Wunderlin, 227-232

 Carter's orchid Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 40 cm tall; fleshy corms; lvs 1 (occasionally 2), thin, to 12 cm long and 5 mm wide, sessile; infl with 3-10 flrs; flrs with greenish sepals and petals, converging over the lip, shallow pockets in rock of pine rockland; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; winter, but blooms infrequently.
36. Bigelowia nuttallii L.C. Anderson
 
 

| Chafin 
FL, GA, AL, LA, TX 

 Clewell, 296

Cronquist, 136

Godfrey and Wooten II, 824-

825

Wunderlin., 612

 Nuttall's rayless 

goldenrod

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Astereae.

 perennial herbs to 80 cm tall; colonial; lvs narrowly linear (1-2 mm wide); upland pine flatwoods, scrub, sandstone, seepage, stream banks; Pinellas (extirpated?) and Washington cos.; Jul-Nov.
37. Blechnum occidentale L.

Atlas: B. occidentale L. var. minor Hook.
 
 
 

FL, GA, LA, TX, West Indies, Central and South America 

 FNA, 225

Lakela and Long, 100-103

Small: ferns, 138-140

Ward, 10-11

Wunderlin, 58

 sinkhole fern

New World mid-sorus fern

hammock fern

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/ 

Blechnaceae;

chain fern family

 fern; stolons; usually less than ½ m tall; compound, segments with entire (or minutely serrulate) margins; segments with long sorus along midrib; sinkholes in forests; Alachua, Citrus, Hernando and Pasco cos.
38. Bonamia grandiflora (A. Gray) Haller f.

Endangered Species Act, 1973; Federal Register, 2 Nov 1987 as 

threatened.

| Atlas; Chafin; Taylor, p. 265 
endemic 

 Small, 1080

Wunderlin, 304

Ward, 71-72

Wunderlin, 504-505

 Florida bonamia

Florida lady's nightcap

 Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 vine, does not twine or climb; lvs leathery, rounded at the base; sepals leathery, 2 cm long; corollas blue, funnel-form, 7-10 cm long; 2 stigmas; sandy soil, scrub; (Hardee), Highlands, Hillsborough, Lake, Manatee, Marion, Orange, Polk and Sarasota cos.; Apr-Sep.
39. Bourreria cassinifolia (A. Rich.) Griseb.

| Chafin; Scurlock, p. 21 
FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 727

Small, 1129

Wunderlin, 515-516

 little strongback

smooth strongback

 Boraginaceae;

borage family

 shrub; alternate, lvs entire, 1-3 cm long, glabrous, petioles less than 5 mm long; white flrs; frt orange-red, 5-7 mm wide; pine rocklands; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
40. Bourreria radula (Poiret) G. Don

Kartesz (1994) lists B. succulenta var. revoluta

(Kunth) O.E. Schulz and B. revoluta Kunth as synonyms of B.

radula.. Wunderlin (1998) lists both B. succulenta and B. radula.

| Scurlock, p. 23 
FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 727, as 

B. succulenta var. revoluta

Small, 1129, as B. revoluta

Wunderlin, 515-516

 rough-strongback

rough strongback

 Boraginaceae;

borage family

 shrub or small tree; lvs entire but ciliate on margins, 3-7 cm long, rough pubescent, petioles more than 5 mm long; white flrs; frt orange-red, 9-14 mm wide; hammocks and pinelands; [Keys] Monroe Co.; all year.
41. Bourreria succulenta Jacq.

A species complex: in some views, it includes B. radula; or may be divided into ten species! [James S. Miller]
 

| Atlas 
FL, West Indies 

 Little and Wadsworth I, 466

Wunderlin, 515-516

 pigeon-berry

bodywood

Bahama strongback

 Boraginaceae;

borage family

 small tree or shrub; lvs 4-12.5 cm long, 1-7.5 cm wide, blunt or notched at tip, lower surface with fine hairs, upper surface glabrous; petioles .5- 1 cm long; flrs white; frts orange-red, ca. 1.5 cm wide; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
42. Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 335

Luer, 252-254

Small 396

Wunderlin, 227-232

 spider orchid

long-tailed brassia

cricket orchid

 Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphyte; pseudobulbs flattened; lvs 2, to 30 cm long and 5 cm wide; infl a raceme, to 15 flrs; flrs glossy yellowish with brownish splotches, petals and sepals long and slender (spidery), lip yellow with reddish-brown spots; rockland hammocks; Dade (extirpated?) and (Monroe) cos.; May-Jun.
43. Brickellia cordifolia Elliott
 
 
 
 

| Chafin 
FL, GA, AL 

 Clewell, 297

Cronquist, 197

Small, 1328, as

Coleosanthus

Ward, 131-132

Wunderlin, 613

 Flyr's nemesis

Flyer's [sic] nemesis

Flyr's brickell-bush

 Compositae/ 

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Eupatorieae.

 perennial herb; velvety, especially under lvs; lvs opposite, cordate; several heads, each with many flrs; flrs purple to dark rose or lavender, 6-9 mm long; pappus purplish, capillary; upland hardwoods; Alachua, Gadsden, Jackson, Jefferson and Leon cos.; Sept-Oct.
44. Brickellia mosieri (Small) Shinners

Cronquist uses Kuhnia eupatorioides L. var. gracilis T. and. G.

Kartesz uses B. eupatorioides L. var. floridana (R.W. Long) B.L.

Turner

| Chafin 
endemic 

 all use Kuhnia:

Cronquist, 197-198

Long and Lakela, 876

Small, 1329

Wunderlin, 613-614

 brickell-bush 

false boneset

Mosier's false boneset

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Eupatorieae.

 perennial; stems several; lvs alternate, numerous, gland-dots beneath, up to 10 cm long, 3 mm wide, entire or with tiny teeth; flrs tubular, yellow; pappus bristles plumose; pine rocklands, sandy soil over limestone; Dade Co.; Aug-Sep.
45. Bulbophyllum pachyrrachis (A.Rich.) Griseb. 

variant spellings: B. pachyrachis, B. pachyrhachis

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 334

Luer, 180-182

Ward, 11-12

Wunderlin, 227-232

 rat-tail orchid Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphyte on Annona glabra; with short pseudobulbs, each with 2 lvs, thickened flr axis; many small flrs, greenish-yellow speckled with reddish-purple, lip appears tongue-like; strand swamps; Collier Co. (extirpated?); Nov-Jan.
46. Burmannia flava Martius

| Chafin 
FL, Cuba, Central America 

 Godfrey and Wooten I, 623

Long and Lakela, 306

Ward, 133-134

Wunderlin, 227

 Fakahatchee burmannia

Fakahatchee bluethread

 Burmanniaceae;

burmannia family

 herb; slender; usually 1 flr; cauline lvs scale-like; floral wing yellow, narrow; wet flatwoods, Big Cypress Swamp; Collier and Lee cos.; Jan.
47. Caesalpinia major (Medik.) Dandy and Exell

See Isely for synonymy, or Godfrey and Wooten II, 239.
 

[See Bell and Taylor, 156, for C. bonduc, the weedy tree]

FL, pantropical 

 Isely, 29

Long and Lakela, 461

Small, 667, as [sic, see

Isely] Guilandina

bonduc

Wunderlin, 346

 yellow nicker

yellow nicker bean

Hawaii pearls

[Gray nicker, C. bonduc, invades ruderal areas]

 Leguminosae/

Caesalpinioideae;

legume family

Caesalpinioideae,

cassia subfamily

 vine to 5 m long, armed with prickles; lvs cpd, 3-5 pinnae, 4-7 pairs lflets; stipules inconspicuous to absent; flrs orange-yellow petals, stamens shorter than petals; legumes 4-9 cm long and wide, prickly; seeds 1.5 to 2 cm wide, dull yellow; coastal sands, hammocks; Dade, Martin, Monroe [Keys only] and Palm Beach cos.; all year.
48. Caesalpinia pauciflora (Griseb.) C. Wright ex

Sauvalle
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin 
FL and West Indies 

 Isely, 29-30

Long and Lakela, 461

Small, 667

Wunderlin, 346

 fewflower holdback Leguminosae/

Caesalpinioideae;

legume family

Caesalpinioideae,

cassia subfamily

 scrambling shrub, to 2 m; armed with prickles; lvs cpd, 3-5 pinnae, 4-7 pairs lflets, stipules inconspicuous or as prickles; flrs yellow petals, stamens longer (slightly) than petals; legume papery, 2-4 cm and .8- 1 cm, not prickly; seed less than 1 cm wide; hammocks, dry pinelands, palmetto-pine, roadsides; Monroe Co. [Keys only] ; all year.
49. Calamintha georgiana (R. M. Harper) Shinners
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas 
FL, NC, SC, GA, AL, MS, LA 

 Clewell, 379-381

Godfrey, 403, 404

Radford et al., 916

Wunderlin, 528

 Georgia calamint

Georgia satureja

Georgia basil

 Labitae/Lamiaceae;

mint family

 low, sprawling shrub, exfoliating bark; lvs indistinctly punctate, sparsely pubescent, to 3.5 cm long, ovate, those on short branches appear fascicled; flrs 3 per axil of each leaf pair, 2-lipped, white tube and lips lavender-pink with darker purple spots on lower lip; 4 1 mm wide nutlets; dry woodlands, ancient terraces along rivers and streams; Holmes and Escambia cos. Fall. 
50. Callirhoe papaver (Cav.) A. Gray
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 100
FL, TX to MO, GA 

 Clewell, 427

Small, 852

Ward, 72-73

Wunderlin, 426-427

 poppy mallow

woodland poppy

mallow

 Malvaceae;

mallow family

 perennial herb; deep taproot; to 1/3 m tall; lvs with 5 linear lobes; flrs 1 per flower stalk, deep crimson or magenta, about 6 cm across; calyx with 3 thin bracts beneath; upland mixed forest, roadside; Alachua, Gadsden, Jackson and Leon cos. Mar-Jun, Aug (2nd flowering period).
51. Calopogon multiflorus Lindl.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Taylor, p. 242 FL, MS, AL, GA 

 Clewell, 184-185

Godfrey and Wooten I, 660-

661

Long and Lakela, 316

Luer, 60-62

Small, 377, as Limodorum

Wunderlin, 233

 many-flowered grass-

pink

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 30 cm tall; lvs 1 or 2, to 10 cm long and 3 mm wide; infl racemose, dense, up to 15 flrs; flrs deep-rose, petals widest above the middle, lip uppermost and with a tuft of bright orange hairs; damp pinelands and meadows (fire maintained); historic records from: Alachua, Brevard, Clay, Collier, Dade (extirpated?), Dixie, Duval, Franklin, Hardee, (Hernando), Highlands, (Hillsborough), Indian River, Lee, Levy, Liberty, Manatee, (Martin), Nassau, Okaloosa, Orange, Pasco, Pinellas, Putnam, Sarasota, Seminole, St. Johns, St. Lucie and Walton cos.; Mar-Jul.
52. Calycanthus floridus L.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 62
NY, PA and OH, south to FL and MS 

 Clewell, 259

Gleason and Cronquist, 40

Godfrey, 177-179

Godfrey and Wooten II, 233,

234

Radford et al., 476-477

Small, 631

Wunderlin, 305

 sweet shrub

Carolina-allspice

bubby-shrub

 Calycanthaceae;

calycanthus family

 shrub, colonial; aromatic; lvs opposite, to 14 cm long, entire margins; flrs with many maroon tepal; poisonous achenes inside a fleshy receptacle; slope forest, bottomland forest; Escambia, Franklin, (Gadsden), Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Suwannee and Walton cos.; spring.
53. Calyptranthes zuzygium (L.) Sw.
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Scurlock, p. 33 
FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1040-

1041

Long and Lakela, 642

Small, 938

Wunderlin, 453

 myrtle-of-the-river Myrtaceae;

myrtle family

 shrub or small tree; stem not winged; lvs opposite, subsessile; inflor. glabrous; flrs apetalous; calyx lid-like, deciduous at flowering; berry dark red, 8-10 mm wide; rockland hammocks, maritime hammocks; Dade and Monroe [incl. Keys] cos.
54. Calystegia catesbaeiana Pursh

variant spellings: C. catesbeiana, C. catesbiana
 
 
 

| Chafin 
NC, SC, GA, FL 

 Austin, Fl. Scientist

vol.55, p.59

Clewell, 331 as C.

spithamaea

Radford et al., 864-865

Wunderlin, 505

 Catesby's bindweed

Catesby's false

bindweed

 Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory 

family

 herb; stems erect or decumbent, rarely twining; lvs to 5 cm long, basally lobed; flrs axillary from lower axils only; corollas white, to 5 cm long and wide; wiregrass-longleaf pine, sandhill; Jackson Co.; Apr.
55. Campanula robinsiae Small

Federal Register, 27 July 1989

| Chafin 
endemic 

 Small, 1289-1290

Wunderlin, 589

 Chinsegut bellflower

Robin's bellflower

 Campanulaceae; 

bellflower family

 annual herb, sprawling; lv margins entire or faintly toothed; solitary open flrs, deep purple, 7-8 mm wide, sepals 1 to 2.5 mm long; many inconspicuous cleistogamous fls; edge of ponds, wet hammocks; Hernando Co.; Apr.
56. Campylocentrum pachyrrhizum (Reichenb. f.)

Rolfe
 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 28; Chafin 
FL, West Indies, S America 

 Long and Lakela, 327

Luer, 274-276

Small, 398

Ward, 12-13

Wunderlin, 227, 233

 leafless orchid

ribbon orchid

leafless bentspur orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphytic on pond apple, pop ash, etc.; no lvs; abbreviated stem; roots synthesize, dark green to red and not spotted; many flrs, densely 2-ranked, sessile flrs, yellow to orange; Fakahatchee Strand, Collier and Lee cos.; Sep-Oct.
57. Campyloneurum angustifolium (Swartz) Fée 

synonym: Polypodium angustifolium Swartz
 
 
 

| Chafin
FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 328

Lakela and Long, 92-93

Long and Lakela, 82

Small: ferns, 85-86

Ward, 13-13

Wunderlin, 45

 narrow strap fern Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 epiphytic fern; lvs nearly linear, up to 40 cm long, entire margins, no indusia, scattered sori; epiphyte; rockland hammocks, strand swamps; Collier, Dade (extirpated?) and Monroe [not Keys] cos.
58. Campyloneurum costatum (Kuntze) C. Presl
 
 

FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 FNA, 328

Lakela and Long, 94-95

Long and Lakela, 83

Small, fern, 88, 90-91

Wunderlin, 45

 tailed strap fern Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 epiphytic fern; recognized by the long slender tip of the strap-like frond (leaf); leaf blade to 40 cm long and 6 cm wide, leathery, tip abruptly attenuate (tailed), veins obscure; strand swamps, rockland hammocks; Dade (extirpated?) and Collier cos.
59. Campyloneurum latum T. Moore

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 329

Lakela and Long, 95

Long and Lakela, 83

Small, ferns, 88-89

 wide strap fern Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 epiphytic fern; leaf blade to 60 cm long and 9 cm wide, leathery, tip acute but not tailed, vein prominent, dark-green; rockland hammocks; Dade (extirpated?) and Monroe cos. (Native to Florida?)
60. Canella winteriana (L.) Gaertn.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Scurlock, p. 34 
FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 532-533

Long and Lakela, 614, as C.

alba

Small, 865

Wunderlin, 441

 wild-cinnamon

cinnamon-bark

pepper cinnamon

 Canellaceae;

wild cinnamon

family

 tree to 10 m tall; stems with large lf scars; lvs aromatic and dotted with glands, alternate, obtuse tips, cuneate base; flrs small, with 3 sepals, 5 petals, crimson, stamen tube, anthers reddish; berry crimson to black, 1 cm wide; maritime and rockland hammocks; Collier, Dade and Monroe [incl. Keys] cos.; summer, fall.
61. Carex chapmanii Steud.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

endemic 

 Clewell, 82

Small, 214

Wunderlin, 150

 Chapman's sedge Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 herb; cespitose, clumps with horizontal stolons; stems to 30 cm tall; terminal spike staminate, scales yellowish-brown; 2-4 pistillate spikes, achene sac with prominent beak 1.5 mm long, achene triangular; hammocks, woodlands; Alachua, Clay, Citrus, Columbia, Dixie, Duval, (Franklin), Hernando, Hillsborough, Jefferson, Lake, Levy, Marion, Orange, Osceola, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Seminole, St. Johns, Sumter, Taylor, Volusia and Wakulla cos.; spring.
62. Carex microdonta Torrey and Hooker 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, LA, MS, MO, OK, TX 

 Correll and Johnston, 324

Godfrey and Wooten I, 437,

440

Small, 219

Wunderlin, 152

 little-tooth carex

little tooth sedge

 Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 herbaceous perennial with creeping rhizomes to 15 cm long; 2-5 spikelets per stem; terminal spikelet staminate; lower pistillate spikelet emerges from sheath of stem bracts; achene sac 2.5-4 mm long, basally rounded, with 0.7 mm tubular beak with tiny 2-toothed apex, reddish-brown; achenes 3-sided; upland glades; Gadsden Co.; spring.
63. Cassia keyensis (Pennell) J. F. Macbr.

Isely uses Chamaecrista lineata (Swartz) Greene

var. keyensis (Pennell) Irwin and Barneby.
 
 
 

| Atlas; Scurlock, p. 40 
FL, West Indies 

 Isely, 33

Long and Lakela, 457

Small, 663

Ward, 73-74

Wunderlin, 348

 Keys cassia

Big Pine partridge pea

narrowpod sensitive

pea

 Leguminosae/

Caesalpiniaceae;

legume family

Caesalpinioideae,

cassia subfamily

 perennial with woody rootstock; numerous stems, prostrate; lvs alternate, cpd with 4-7 pairs of lf-lets; petiole below 1st pair of lf-lets has a small flat gland; flrs axillary; 2 bracteoles; flr 2 cm across, 5 yellow petals with orange markings basally; 10 stamens, anthers red or yellow and red; bean with 8-12 seeds; pine rocklands, resistant to fire; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; Apr-Nov.
64. Catesbaea parviflora Swartz
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Scurlock, p. 43 
FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1381-

1383

Small, 1257-1258

Ward, 14-15

Wunderlin, 576

 small-flowered lily

thorn

 Rubiaceae;

madder family

 shrub, up to 2 m tall; stiff, clothed with small lvs (to 1 cm long) from which spines protrude; flrs single on spur shoots, white, 4 mm long, 4 lobed; frt 2-4 mm long; pine rocklands, dunes, coastal strand; Monroe Co. [Keys only].
65. Catopsis berteroniana (J.A. and J.H. Schultes)

Mez
 

FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 273-274

Long and Lakela, 268

Small, 272

Ward, 74-75

Wunderlin, 193

 airplant

powdery strap airplant

 Bromeliaceae;

pineapple family

 epiphyte; rosettes to 7 dm tall; lvs yellowish green, white powdery covering; scape stout, erect, with 15-50 flrs; petals white, shorter than sepals; anthers open daytime; seeds sprout on capsule; tidal swamp, rockland hammocks; (Collier), Dade and Monroe [not Keys] cos.; all year.
66. Catopsis floribunda L. B. Smith
 
 

FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 274-275

Long and Lakela, 268

Wunderlin, 193

 many-flowered airplant 

Florida strap airplant

 Bromeliaceae;

pineapple family

 epiphyte; to 7 dm tall; blades long-attenuate from dilated bases; flowering stalk with 15-50 flrs; sepals 9 mm or less long; petals yellow or white, exceed sepals, anther open daytime; strand swamp, rockland hammocks; Broward, Collier, Dade and Monroe cos.
67. Catopsis nutans (Swartz) Griseb.
 
 

endemic? 

 Long and Lakela, 268

Small, 272

Ward, 15-16

Wunderlin, 193

 nodding catopsis

nodding strap airplant

 Bromeliaceae;

pineapple family

 epiphyte; small rosettes, with lvs to 14 cm long, blades taper to acute tip; flower stalk with 3-10 flrs; orange-yellow flrs, ca. 2 cm long, anthers open night; sepals 15+ mm long; deep cypress swamp; Fakahatchee Strand, Collier Co.; Aug-Oct.
68. Celosia nitida Vahl
 
 
 
 

FL, TX, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 477-478

Correll and Johnson, 553

Long and Lakela, 384

Small, 471

Wunderlin, 283 

 West Indian cock's-

comb

albahaca

slender celosia

 Amaranthaceae;

amaranth family

 perennial herb to 1.5 m tall; young stems reddish; lvs alternate, deltoid-ovate; flrs with no petals and in spikes to 3 cm long, sepals ca. 5 mm long, brownish, firm; both anthers and pistils; numerous seeds ca. 1 mm long; hardwood hammocks, coastal dunes; Dade, Lake, Lee, Monroe [Keys only] cos.; summer.
69. Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.
 
 

| Chafin 
FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 412-413

Long and Lakela, 359

Small, 443

Ward, 16-17

Wunderlin, 260

 iguana hackberry

[iguanas eat the fruit]

 Ulmaceae;

elm family

 shrub, spreading; stipular spines; alternate lvs papery, 3-nerved, margins with tiny teeth, not sandpapery; yellowish-green flrs; drupes 8-12 mm long, edible; medicinal uses; shell mounds, tidal swamps; Lee and Collier cos.
70. Celtis pallida Torrey

FL, TX, Mexico 

 Long and Lakela, 359

Small, 443

Ward, 17-18

Wunderlin, 260-261

 spiny hackberry

desert hackberry 

 Ulmaceae;

elm family

 shrub; stout straight spines at nodes; lvs succulent, obtuse, less than 2.5 cm long, margins with rounded teeth, rough texture like sandpaper; flrs in summer; yellow to orange drupes in fall; shell mounds, maritime hammocks; Mound Key in Lee Co..; Jun-Aug.
71. Centrosema arenicola (Small) F. J. Herm.
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin
endemic 

 Isely, 117

Small, 721, as Bradburya

Wunderlin, 347-348

 sand butterfly pea

pineland butterfly pea

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 perennial herbaceous vine to 3 m long; 3 lflets, 2-5 cm long, ovate-lanceolate, coriaceous; dorsal calyx lobe 8-11 mm long, the 2-parted lower one 7-8 mm long; petals lavender, pink or white, 2.5-3 cm long, resupinate; legume linear, 7-12 cm long; open, mixed woodlands, pine or oak-palmetto thickets; Brevard, Citrus, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Lake, Marion, Orange, Pasco, Polk, Seminole, Sumter and Volusia cos.; summer, fall.
72. Cereus robinii (Lemaire) L. Benson

Endangered Species Act, 1973; Federal Register, 19 July 1984.

synonym: Pilosocereus robinii (Lem.) Byles and Rowley
 

| Atlas; Chafin 
FL and West Indies 

 Benson, 572-574

Long and Lakela, 630

Small, 916-917

Ward, 19-20

Wunderlin, 448, as

Pilosocereus

 tree cactus

Key tree cactus

 Cactaceae;

cactus family

 tree; stems to 10 m and 8-10 cm thick; with 9 or 10 ridges; floral tube broad, less than 1.5 cm long, petals short and broad; flrs with odor of garlic; rockland hammocks; Monroe Co. [Keys only].
73. Chamaesyce cumulicola Small
 
 

| Chafin 
endemic 

 Clewell, 354

Long and Lakela, 551

Small, 794

Wunderlin, 395-397

 sand dune spurge

coastal dune sandmat

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 prostrate herb; stringlike, zig-zag stems; lvs similar in size, elliptic; capsule glabrous; seed terete, 1-1.4 mm long; coastal dunes, coastal scrub; Brevard, Broward, Collier, Escambia, Hernando, Highlands, Lee, Martin, Palm Beach, Pinellas, St. Johns and Volusia cos.
74. Chamaesyce deltoidea (Engelm. ex Chapm.)

Small

Endangered Species Act:1973; Federal Register 18 July 1985 as

Euphorbia deltoidea ssp. deltoidea; includes ssp. adherens

| Chafin 
endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 551

Small, 795

Wunderlin, 397 [3

subspecies]

 rockland spurge Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 prostrate herb, delicate; lvs 2-5 mm long, obtuse, entire; capsule pubescent, ca 1.5 mm wide; pine rocklands; Mar-Nov;

ssp. adherens, deltoidea, pinetorum -- Dade Co.; 

ssp. serpyllum -- Monroe Co. [Keys only].
75. Chamaesyce garberi (Engelm. ex Chapman) Small

Federal Register, threatened: 18 July 1985 as Euphorbia garberi

| Chafin 
endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 553-554

Small, 795

Wunderlin, 398

 Garber's spurge Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 prostrate herb, robust; lvs 4-9 mm long, entire to obscurely serrate; capsule pubescent, ca. 1.5 mm wide; pine rocklands, coastal berm, coastal grassland; Dade and Monroe cos.; all year.
76. Chamaesyce porteriana Small

var. keyensis (Small) Burch is intended by Council;

Kartesz uses: C. x keyensis Small

| Atlas endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 550

Small, 795

Wunderlin, 398

 Porter's spurge Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 bushy herb, erect; lvs entire; capsules glabrous; coastal grassland, coastal strand, coastal rock barrens; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
77. Cheilanthes microphylla (Swartz) Swartz 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Clewell, 47

FNA, 166

Lakela and Long, 69

Small: ferns, 130, 132

Ward, 134

Wunderlin, 41

 southern lip fern Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 fern; horizontal stems 1-3 mm wide, long creeping; frond 2-compound to 3-compound, lanceolate, with scattered hairs; petiole less than 25 cm long; sori continuous along margins; upland mixed forest, shell mounds, limestone outcrop in cedars; Alachua, Citrus, Collier, Dade, Duval, Monroe and Washington cos.
78. Chionanthus pygmaeus Small

Federal Register, 21 Jan 1987
 

endemic 

| AtlasChafin; Taylor, p. 81; Nelson, plate #107; DPI poster, plate #16

 Small, 1042

Ward, 20

Wunderlin, 486

 pygmy fringe-tree Oleaceae;

olive family

 shrub; leathery, opposite, deciduous lvs with black petioles; drupe 2 -2.5 cm long (C. virginicus less than 2 cm long); petals usually less than 1 cm long (C. virginicus 2-3 cm long petals); low nutrient levels, sandy, dry soil of central Fl scrub; Highlands, Hillsborough, Lake, 

Manatee, Osceola, Polk and Seminole cos.; Mar-Apr.
79. Chrysopsis cruiseana Dress

Kartesz: C. gossypina (Michaux) Elliott ssp. cruiseana (Dress) Semple.

Cronquist does not use or refer to cruiseana at all. USDA uses Heterotheca. endemic 

 Clewell, 300, as C.

cruiseana

Ward, 76-77

Wunderlin, 617, as Kartesz

 Cruise's golden-aster Compositae/ 

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Astereae.

 herb; stems and lvs densely floccose, not grass-like; involucres not stipitate glandular, bracts pubescent or stipitate-glandular; dunes, scrub, coastal grassland, openings and blowouts; Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa

and Walton cos.; Oct-Nov.
80. Chrysopsis floridana Small

Endangered Species Act: 1973; Federal Register, 16 May 1986
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Cronquist, 112, as C.

scabrella Torrey and Gray

Long and Lakela, 856

Small, 1339

Ward, 21

Wunderlin, 617

 Florida's golden-aster

Florida goldenaster

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Astereae.

 stems and lvs white cottony pubescent; upper lvs toms-tomentose and stems hairs appressed; inflor. with many heads in panicle; bracts acute; flr head 2 cm across, yellow florets; sand pine scrub, on bare sand; Hardee, Hillsborough, Manatee and Pinellas cos.; Sep-Nov.
81. Chrysopsis godfreyi Semple
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL and Baldwin Co., AL 

 Clewell, 298

Canadian J. Bot. 56 (17):

2092-2096, Semple

reports that C. 

lanuginosa Small is a

close relative.

Wunderlin, 617

 Godfrey's golden-aster Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Astereae.

 biennial or perennial herbs, to 50 cm tall; lvs of basal rosette to 10 cm long, wooly; stem lvs linear to ovate, entire, wooly or glabrous always densely stipitate glandular, abruptly to gradually reduced below inflor.; bracts subulate with spreading to recurved tips, in 4-5 series, stipitate glandular; few heads in corymb or corymbose panicle (compare with C. floridana); dunes and scrub; Bay, Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and Walton cos.
82. Cienfuegosia yucatanensis Millsp.
 
 
 
 

|Chafin; Scurlock, p. 51 FL, Cuba, Mexico 

 Correll and Correll, 926

Long and Lakela, 593

Small, 860 as C. 

heterophylla

Wunderlin, 427

 yellow hibiscus

Yucatan flymallow

 Malvaceae;

mallow family

 shrubs or woody herbs; resembles Hibiscus; glabrous throughout; lvs entire, 2-6 cm long, some lower lvs trilobed but most lvs ovate or elliptic; petals yellow; involucel of 6 to 9 bracts; capsule 6-8 mm long; rockland hammocks, marine tidal marsh, coastal berm, coastal rock barrens; Monroe [Keys only] and (Palm Beach) cos.; all year.
83. Cissampelos pareira L.
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Australia 

 Correll and Correll, 530-531

Long and Lakela, 416-418

Small, 538

Wunderlin, 303

 pareira brava

velvety cissampelos

 Menispermaceae;

moonseed family

 vine, to 5+ m; lvs ovate to suborbicular, entire, transparent glands, tomentose, palmately veined, tips may be notched; staminate flrs in axillary panicles, each ca.. 2 mm wide, 4 united petals; pistillate flrs fewer, in bracted clusters along a rachis, 1 petal per flr, stigma 3-lobed; frt 1-seeded drupe, 4-5 mm long, hairy; hammocks; Dade Co.; summer. Extirpated?
84. Cladonia perforata Evans

Federal Register, 27 April 1993

| Chafin endemic 

 Fed. Register Florida perforate

cladonia

 lichen forms dense clusters 20-60 mm tall; surface of branches glossy, smooth; circular openings just above the branching; rosemary sandhills; Highlands, Manatee, Martin, Okaloosa, Palm Beach and Polk cos.
85. Clitoria fragrans Small

Federal Register, 27 April 1993 as threatened
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Isely, 153

Small, 722

Ward, 77-79

Wunderlin, 349

 pigeon wings

butterfly pea

sweetscented

pigeonwings

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 perennial herb; lvs trifoliate, lflets have obtuse tips; chasmogamous flrs in pairs, showy, 4.5-5 cm, pale purple with purple lines on the standard, fragrant, twisted to turn flr upside down; cleistogamous flrs small and hidden in the calyx and bloom late in season; bean 5-8 cm long; sandhill, scrub, scrubby flatwoods, roadside; Highlands, Lake, Orange, Osceola and Polk cos.; Apr-Jul.
86. Colubrina arborescens (P.Mill.) Sarg.
 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

| Atlas; Nelson, plate #110; Scurlock, p. 59

 Correll and Correll, 891-892

Long and Lakela, 581-582

Small, 834, as C. colubrina

Wunderlin, 420

 greenheart

wild coffee

common snake-bark

bitters

 Rhamnaceae;

buckthorn family

 shrub or tree, to 7 m tall; young stems rusty tomentose; lvs ovate, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 5-15 cm long, entire, tips blunt, acute to acuminate, shining green above, rusty pubescent below with scattered black glands; inflor axillary umbel-like cymes; flrs with 5 hooded, yellow petals ca. 2.5 mm long, opposite and enfolding the stamens; frts ca. 1 cm wide, nearly black, hard, 3-lobed capsule; hammocks; Collier and Monroe (incl. Keys) cos.; all year.
87. Colubrina cubensis (Jacq.) Brongn.

[intended: var. floridana M. C. Johnston]

| Atlas; Chafin FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 892, 893

Long and Lakela, 581

Small, 834

Wunderlin, 420

 colubrina

Cuban snake-bark

Cuban nakedwood

 Rhamnaceae;

buckthorn family

 shrub or small tree; stems and lvs velutinous; lvs elliptic, 4-9 cm long; peduncles usually longer than petioles; flrs as above; frts 7 mm across; hammocks, pinelands; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
88. Colubrina elliptica (Sw.) Briz. and Stern.
 
 

| Atlas; Nelson, plate #111;Scurlock, p. 61

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and northern South America 

 Correll and Correll, 892-894

Long and Lakela, 582

Small, 832, as C. reclinata

Wunderlin, 420

 soldierwood

smooth snake-bark

naked-wood

 Rhamnaceae;

buckthorn family

 shrub or tree to 20 m; trunk with serpentine-furrowed, orange-brown bark exfoliating in thin layers; young twigs finely hairy; lvs ovate, lanceolate to elliptic, thin and soft, entire, ca. 4-8 cm long, 2 marginal glands at base; flrs as above, but greenish; frt orange-red capsule, explosively dehiscent; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only]; all year. 
89. Conradina brevifolia Shinners

Federal Register, 12 July 1993

Kartesz: Conradina canescens A. Gray endemic 

 SIDA 1:84-88, 1962

Wunderlin, 529, as Kartesz

 short-leaved rosemary

false rosemary

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 very similar to C. canescens: shorter lvs (6.0-8.2 mm vs. 7.0-20 mm); more flrs (1-6 flrs per axil vs. 1-3 flrs per axil); sand pine scrub of Lake Wales Ridge; Highlands and Polk cos.
90. Conradina etonia Kral and McCartney

Federal Register, 12 July 1993

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 SIDA 14(3): 391-398, 

1991

Wunderlin, 529

 Etonia rosemary

Etonia false rosemary

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 shrubs to 1.5 m tall; lvs with lateral veins evident on the undersurface; flrs similar to C. grandiflora; anthers with long fringe of white hairs; clearings in white sand scrub; Putnam Co.; Sep-Oct.
91. Conradina glabra Shinners

Federal Register, 12 July 1993
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 382

Godfrey, 405-407

Ward, 81

Wunderlin, 529

 Apalachicola rosemary

Apalachicola false

rosemary

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 shrub; minty scent; much branched; lvs to 15 mm long, opposite, edges turned under, grayish because of hairs; flrs

white tinged pink, dots in throat, flr tube strongly bent, in lv axils; calyx tube not hairy ["glabra"]; sandhills; [Franklin Co., not documented] Liberty and Santa Rosa cos. [Earlier collection from Santa Rosa incorrect.] Mar-Jun.
92. Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt. 
 
 
 
 

ME and VT to NY, MI, MN, south to FL, TX, Mexico, Central America 

 Clewell, 185

Gleason and Cronquist, 863,

Luer, 178-179

Radford et al., 354-355

Small, 389

Wunderlin, 233

 autumn coralroot Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial, to 20 cm tall; white underground base (shaped like a tooth); saprophytic, lvs reduced to scales; flrs open partially, reddish-purple sepals and petals converge over column, lip white with purple spots, lip protrudes; upland hardwood forest; Columbia Co.
93. Cordia globosa (Jacq.) Kunth
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and northern South America 

| Atlas; Scurlock, p. 64

 Correll and Correll, 1198,

1199

Long and Lakela, 728

Small, 1129, as Varronia

Wunderlin, 516

 Curaçao bush

bloodberry

 Boraginaceae; 

borage family

 shrub, to 3 m tall; lvs evergreen, 4 cm long, elliptic to lanceolate, toothed margins, grayish-green due to appressed hairs, veins prominent; inflor. scorpioid, terminal, head-like clusters; corollas white, short funnelform, to 9 mm long; style twice bifid; frt a fleshy red drupe partially enclosed in calyx; hammocks; Dade and Monroe cos.; all year.
94. Coreopsis integrifolia Poiret
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, GA, SC 

 Clewell, 302-304

Cronquist, 58

Godfrey and Wooten II, 776,

780-781

Small, 1450

Wunderlin, 621

 dye-flower

fringeleaf tickseed 

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 herbaceous perennial; to 1 m tall; lvs simple, opposite, elliptic to ovate, to 6 cm long, margins ciliate at the bases and on the petioles; disc flrs 4-lobed, ray flrs 3-lobed at tips; floodplains, riverbanks; Calhoun, Jackson, Nassau and Washington cos.; late summer.
95. Cornus alternifolia L. f.
 
 

Newfoundland and Nova Scotia to MN, south to FL, AL and AR 

| Atlas

 Clewell, 336

Godfrey, 215-217

Radford et al., 792

Small, 957-958

Ward, 21-22

Wunderlin, 473

 pagoda dogwood

alternate-leaf dogwood

pagoda cornel

umbrella cornel

 Cornaceae;

dogwood family

 small tree; alternate branches form umbrella shaped tree; lvs alternate; flrs tiny, cream, grouped into a flat cluster to 6 cm wide; frts dark blue, with waxy bloom; rich woods near small streams; Calhoun, Gadsden, Leon and Walton cos.; Apr-May.
96. Cranichis muscosa Swartz
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 349-350

Luer, 86

Wunderlin, 234

 moss orchid

cypresssknee helmet

orchid

 Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 terrestrial herb; thick, fleshy roots at base of stem; leafy rosette, leaves with petioles; raceme, flowers small, white, yellow-green speckles, lip is uppermost, sepals free to base and not adnate to the lip; ovary glabrous; rockland hammocks; Collier, Dade (extirpated?), and Lee cos.; Jan-Feb.
97. Crataegus phaenopyrum (L. f.) Medik.

| Chafin DE and PA, west to IL, MO, KY, TN, south to GA, AL and FL 

 Godfrey, 556-558

Radford et al., 562-563

Small, 644

Wunderlin, 327-328

 Washington thorn

hedge thorn

red haw

Washington hawthorn

 Rosaceae;

rose family

 tree, to 10 m tall; lvs cordate-deltoid to ovate, toothed, 3-lobed(look like tiny maple lvs); corollas white; fruits scarlet, 4-6 mm wide; streambanks, edges of wet areas; Liberty, Wakulla, Walton and Washington cos.; May.
98. Croomia pauciflora (Nutt.) Torrey
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL, GA and AL 

 Clewell, 194

Ward, 22-23

Small, 309

Ward, 22

Wunderlin, 204

 croomia Croomiaceae/

Stemonaceae/

Liliaceae;

croomia family

 colonial herb, with rhizomes; lvs ovate, cordate at base, prominent veins; flrs in axils, 4 perianth parts, 4 stamens; rich hardwood forest ravines and bluffs, Apalachicola River; Gadsden and Liberty cos.; Mar-Apr.
99. Crotalaria avonensis K.R. Delaney and

Wunderlin

Federal Register, 27 April 1993
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 SIDA 13:315-324, 1989

Wunderlin, 350-351

 Avon Park harebells

Avon Park rattlebox

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 perennial herb; flr-stems may originate 4" below surface and above soil for only a few centimeters; no stipules; lvs 1-2 cm long, obtuse, coated with whitish hairs; yellow corollas 8-9 mm long, keel petal shorter than wing petals; style bases not elbowed; bean inflated, 1.4-2.5 cm long; bare white sand, partial shade; Lake Wales Ridge, Highlands and Polk cos.; dormant winter until Mar.
100. Croton humilis L.

FL, TX , West Indies and Mexico 

[See Taylor, 62-63; Bell and Taylor, 105, for other Croton spp.]

 Correll and Correll, 790-792

Correll and Johnston, 931

Long and Lakela, 538

Small, 782, as C. berlandieri

Wunderlin, 399-400

 pepperbush

salvia

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 shrub, to 1 m tall; lvs ovate, entire (may have tiny glandular teeth at base), stellate pubescence not dense on lower surface; staminate flrs with short petals, pistillate flrs lack petals; hammocks, disturbed sites; Dade, Collier and Monroe cos.; all year.
101. Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.
 
 
 
 

Que, N.B. to Man, south to GA, FL, AL and TX 

 Clewell, 504

Godfrey and Wooten II, 457

Radford et al., 780-781

Small, 970

Ward, 23-24

Wunderlin, 467

 honewort

wild chervil

Canadian honewort

 Umbelliferae/

Apiaceae;

carrot family

 perennial herb; up to 80 cm tall; lvs cpd, with dilated stalks, long on lower lvs, shorter on upper lvs; flrs white, clustered; floodplain forest; Gadsden, Jackson and Liberty cos.; Apr-Jul.
102. Ctenitis sloanei (Poepp. ex Spreng.) C.V.

Morton

synonym: Dryopteris ampla (Humb. and Bonp.) Kuntze
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 FNA, 302

Lakela and Long, 157

Long and Lakela, 98-99

Small,: ferns, 290, 292-293

Wunderlin, 55-56

 red-hair comb fern

Florida tree fern

 Pteridophyta--

Dryopteridaceae,

Polypodiaceae;

wood fern family

 stolons absent; sterile and fertile leaves similar in appearance, deltoid; veins free or only casually netted, petiole scales a tangled tuft of multicellular hairs with reddish crosswalls; sori round, indusia soon deciduous (appears absent); limestone ledges, rockland hammocks, cypress strand swamps; Broward, Collier, Dade, Manatee and Polk cos.
103. Ctenitis submarginalis (Langsd. and Fischer)

Ching

synonym: Thelypteris submarginalis (Langsd. and Fisch.) Small
 

FL, LA, West Indies, Central and South America 

 FNA, 302

Lakela and Long, 157

Long and Lakela, 98

Small: ferns, 258-260

Wunderlin, 55-56

 brown-hair comb fern Pteridophyta--

Dryopteridaceae;

wood fern family

 stolons absent; sterile and fertile leaves similar in appearance, linear-oblong; veins free or only casually netted, petiole scales not densely tangled; sori round, indusia soon deciduous (appears absent); cypress swamps, rockland hammocks, spoil banks; Broward, Collier, (Dade), Hardee, (Palm Beach) and Seminole cos.
104. Ctenium floridanum (A.S. Hitchcock) A. S.

Hitchcock
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL and GA 

 Godfrey and Wooten, II-210

and 212

Hall, 198-199

Hitchcock and Chase, 516

Jones and Coile, 34

Small, 114, as Campulosus

Wunderlin, 96

 Florida toothache grass Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 herb, slender scaly rhizomes; immediately recognizable by its solitary curved one-side spike which resembles a toothbrush; no glands on the 2nd glume, and a more slender awn than for C. aromaticum; pinelands; Alachua, Bradford, Clay, Columbia, Duval, Nassau, Putnam and St. Johns cos.
105. Cucurbita okeechobeensis (Small) Bailey

Federal Register, 12 July 1993
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 814

Small, 1286

Ward, 81-83

Wunderlin, 587

Syst. Botany 18(2):175-187

 Okeechobee gourd Indian pumpkin Cucurbitaceae;

gourd family

 vine; lvs with 5 to 7 lobes, clammy pubescence; flrs cream colored; frt to 9 cm wide, globose, green streaked or flecked with white; wet hammocks, ditch banks; Glades, Lake, Palm Beach, Seminole and Volusia cos.; Mar-May.
106. Cupania glabra Swartz

| Atlas; Chafin; Scurlock, p. 70 FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 Long and Lakela, 575

Small, 829

Ward, 24-25

 cupania

Florida toadwood

American toadwood

 Sapindaceae;

soapberry family

 small tree; lvs alternate, cpd with 6 -12 lf-lets, shallowly toothed; small flrs in panicle; capsules top-shaped, each with 3 seeds; rockland hammocks; (Dade) and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; fall.
107. Cuphea aspera Chapman
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 425

Godfrey and Wooten II, 377-

378

Small, 932, as Parsonia

lythroides

Wunderlin, 450

 tropical waxweed

Chapman's waxweed

 Lythraceae;

loosestrife family

 perennial, to .5 m tall, roots fusiform distally; lvs whorled, to 2 cm long; flrs opposite or whorled, pedicels 5-15 mm long, 6 lavender or white petals, hypanthium with glandular hairs; flatwoods; Calhoun, Franklin and Gulf cos.; May-Jul.
108. Cynoglossum virginianum L.
 
 

| Atlas CN south to FL, west to IL, OK, LA 

 Clewell, 256

Radford et al., 880

Small, 1122

Ward, 134-135

Wunderlin, 516-517

 wild comfrey Boraginaceae;

borage family

 perennial herb, to ¾ m tall; lvs basal, and 2-4 on lower stem, rough bristly, upper stem naked; inflor. terminal; flrs with blue or white petals; frts mericarps, with short stiff spines; bluffs; Gadsden and Liberty cos.; Mar-Apr.
109. Cyperus floridanus Britton
 
 
 
 

Fl and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 218

Long and Lakela, 208, as

C. filiformis

Small, 150

Wunderlin, 154-158

 Florida flatsedge Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 perennial herb, tufted stems; lvs filiform, longer than stem; 2-3 lf-like bracts to 10 cm long; infl. loosely capitate and solitary per stem; spikelets deciduous above lower pair of scales, to 10 mm long and 1 mm wide; scales maroon with green keel; 3 stamens, 3 stigmas; sandy soil; Collier, Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
110. Cyperus fuligineus Chapman
 
 
 
 

FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 218

Long and Lakela, 208-209

Small, 153

Wunderlin, 154-158

 limestone flatsedge Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 perennial herb, densely tufted, knotty rhizomes; lvs revolute, sheaths maroon-red to blackish; lf-like bracts [2 in C.andC.; 3-4 in L.andL.!]; spikelets densely crowded into solitary spherical head to 1.5 cm wide; scales striate, brown with lighter keel ending in short mucro; 3 stamens, 3 stigmas; achene 3-angled; oolitic soils; Monroe [Keys only] Co.; Fall. 
111. Cyrtopodium punctatum (L.) Lindl.

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

| Chafin; DPI poster, plate #38

 Long and Lakela, 334

Luer, 232-234

Small, 394

Ward, 83-84

Wunderlin, 234

 cow-horn orchid,

cigar orchid

butterfly orchid

bee-swarm orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial or epiphytic; pseudobulbous stems, leafy at summit; diffuse panicle, flrs reddish-brown, flushed with yellow, sepals greenish-yellow blotched with purple; rockland hammocks, marl prairie, strand swamp; (Broward), Collier, Dade, Lee, (Martin), Monroe and (Palm Beach) cos.
112. Dalbergia brownii (Jacq.) Schinz

Both Isely and Godfrey and Wooten use: D. brownei (Jacq.) Urban

Wunderlin uses above.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Scurlock, p. 71 FL, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 249

Isely, 56

Long and Lakela, 476, as D.

amerimnon

Small, 711, as Amerimnon

Standley and Steyermark,

V: 202

Wunderlin, 351

 Brown's Indian

rosewood

red fowl

barbasco

cruceta

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 scandent or trailing shrub to 5 m; lvs 1 (to 3) foliate, subcordate bases, tips acute to almost acuminate, glabrous; flrs numerous, white or pink, fragrant, 8-10 mm long; legume oval or oblong 1 to 6 cm long and 8-10 mm wide;

1 to 4 seeds; margins of hammocks or mangroves; roadsides; Dade and Monroe cos.; spring, summer.
113. Dalea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J. F. Macbride
 
 
 
 

| Chafin D. carthagenensis var. floridana (Rydberg) Barneby is endemic 

 Isely, 81-82

Long and Lakela, 478

Small, 694-695, as Parosela

floridana

Wunderlin, 352

 Florida prairie clover 

Cartagena prairie clover

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 contorted, shrubby, woody or herbaceous, to 2 m tall; lvs pinnate with terminal lflet, lflets 15-23; corolla of 5 petals, sub-papilionaceous, wings and keel arise from side of stamen tube, greenish-white fading to maroon; pineland, hammocks; Dade, Monroe [excluding Keys] and Palm Beach cos.; all year.
114. Deeringothamnus pulchellus Small

Federal Register, 26 Sep 1986

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 421

Small, 532

Wunderlin, 307

 white squirrel-banana

beautiful pawpaw

pretty false pawpaw

royal false pawpaw

 Annonaceae;

custard-apple 

family

 short shrub; flrs with linear, creamy white petals, pleasant scent; grassy flatwoods, road edges; Charlotte, Lee and Orange cos.; Mar-May.
115. Deeringothamnus rugelii (B.L. Rob.) Small

Federal Register, 26 Sep 1986

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Small, 532

Ward, 25-26

Wunderlin, 307 

 yellow squirrel-banana,

Rugel's pawpaw

Rugel's false pawpaw

 Annonaceae;

custard-apple

family

 short shrub; lvs to 7 cm long, oblong to oval or obovate; flrs with oblong, canary yellow petals, fragrant; wet pine flatwoods, powerline right-of-way; Volusia Co.; Apr-Jun.
116. Delphinium carolinianum Walter
 
 

NC, KY, IL, IO, west to KS, south to FL, TX 

 Clewell, 461

Gleason and Cronquist, 51

Radford et al., 454-455

Small, 515

Wunderlin, 300

 Carolina larkspur Ranunculaceae;

buttercup family

 herb; lvs cpd, palmately divided; petals 4, blue, lower petals bifid and bearded, 2 upper petals with a long spur extending into the spurred sepal; calcareous slopes; Gadsden Co.; May.
117. Dennstaedtia bipinnata (Cav.) Maxon
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 200-201

Lakela and Long, 59 and 61

Small: ferns, 321 and 322

Ward, 26-27

Wunderlin, 47

 cuplet fern

hay-scented fern

bipinnate cuplet fern

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/

Dennstaedtiaceae;

polypody family

 fern; stout stems 5-6 mm wide; lvs. 3-compound, to 2.7 m long, lustrous, subcoriaceous; sori at end of small lateral veins and with cup-shaped indusia; deep muck soil of hammocks; Duval, (Okeechobee), Palm Beach and Seminole cos.
118. Desmodium ochroleucum M.A. Curtis ex Canby
 
 
 
 

Del, MD, TN, south to FL 

 Clewell, 402, 404 

Isely, 168-169

Radford et al., 606

Small, 733, as Meibomia

Wunderlin, 357

 trailing tick-trefoil

cream ticktrefoil

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

bean family

 perennial herb, decumbent, vine-like, hairy stems; terminal lf-lets ovate, 2.5-6 cm long; fls creamy white or pale yellow (=ochroleucous) , fl-stalks 10-22 mm long; 3 to 5 frt segments, each 7-10 mm long, densely hairy (hairs with hooked tips) on the sutures, glabrous and veiny on surfaces; disturbed hammocks; Jackson Co.; summer. 
119. Dicerandra christmanii Huck and Judd

Federal Rgister, 21 Sept 1989
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Systematic Botany 

14(2):197-213 1989

Wunderlin, 530

 Christman's mint

Garrett's mint

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 northern Highlands Co. specimens of "old" D. frutescens actually D. christmanii. Lvs with eucalyptus-oil scent; corollas persistently cream-colored, with magenta spots; anthers yellow; yellow sand, oak scrub; Highlands Co.
120. Dicerandra cornutissima Huck

Federal Register, 1 Nov 1985
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Wunderlin, 530 Robin's mint,

long-spurred mint

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 shrub to ½ m tall; lvs about 1.5 cm long, linear, with entire margins, glandular, fragrant; flrs in groups in axils, 2-lipped, 7 mm long, purplish-rose with deep purple marking and whitish throat; 4 stamens, each anther half tipped by 1.2 mm long horn; style glabrous or with few hairs; on yellow sand in sand pine scrub or oak scrub sandhills; Sumter (extirpated?) and Marion cos; Sep-Oct.
121. Dicerandra frutescens Shinners

Federal Register, 1 Nov 1985
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 237; Chafin endemic 

 Ward, 84

Wunderlin, 530

 Lloyd's mint,

scrub mint

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 shrub to ½ m tall; lvs to 2.5 cm long, narrowly oblong, entire margins, crushed foliage with scent of peppermint; flrs in pairs, petals 2-lipped, pale pink [quickly fades to bright white] with purplish-rose dots; stamens 4, each anther half with spur less than 1 mm long, anthers purplish; style hairy; on yellow sand in sand pine scrub, openings and paths; Highlands and Polk cos.; Sep-Oct.
122. Dicerandra immaculata Lakela

Endangered Species Act: 1973; Federal Register, 23 July 1984, proposed rule; 1985

| Atlas; Chafin, DPI poster, plate #10 endemic 

 Wunderlin, 530 Olga's mint,

Lakela's mint

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 shrub to 1/3 m tall; foliage fragrant, flrs in cymes at tips of stems, lavender-rose to purplish (rarely white) without spots separates this from all other Dicerandras in se US; yellow sand in sand pine scrub, disturbed areas; Indian River and St. Lucie cos.; Sep-Oct.
123. Dicerandra thinicola H. A. Mill.

| Atlas       endemic 

 Phytologia 75: 185-189.
1993* *
Wunderlin, 530 		Titusville balm Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 shrubby perennial to 0.9 m tall, with numerous ascending branches from a short trunk; lvs opposite, linear-oblong, to 19 mm long and 2 mm wide, fragrant when crushed; flrs on short pedicels in whorls of 3-7; corolla tube sharply bent; corolla limb 2-lipped, rose-purple (or sometimes white) with dark purple spots; stamens 4; anthers dark to light purple, with 2 horns up to 1.3 mm
124. Digitaria pauciflora A.S. Hitchc. 
 

endemic 

 Chase, 582-583

Hall, 375

Small, 51

Wunderlin, 103-105

 FL pineland crabgrass

twospike fingergrass

 Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 perennial herb to 1 m tall; raceme rachis wingless, triangular, fertile lemma pale or gray; pine rocklands, marl prairie; Collier (this record is an error), Dade cos.; Nov.
125. Dirca palustris L.
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas Canada, south to FL, AL, AR and OK 

 Clewell, 498

Godfrey, 673-675

Radford et al., 736,737

Small, 919

Ward, 135-136

Wunderlin, 449

 leatherwood

swamp-wood

moose-wood

leather-bark

eastern leatherwood

 Thymelaeaceae;

mezereum family

 shrub, to 2 m tall, bark is smooth and pliable (stems difficult to bend and break), tips of twigs enlarged; lvs oval to elliptic or obovate; flrs in axillary clusters of 2-3, before lvs, with tubular yellowish calyx and tiny petals between the stamens at base of calyx; frt red to purple drupes 5-8 mm long; rich, wooded ravine slopes and bluffs; Gadsden, Jackson and Liberty cos.; early spring.
126. Dodecatheon meadia L.

| Atlas MD south to FL and AL, west to WI, MN, IA, OK, TX 

 Gleason and Cronquist, 224

Radford et al., 819, 820

Small, 1027

Wunderlin, 480-481

 shooting star

pride-of-Ohio

 Primulaceae;

primrose family

 perennial herb; lvs entire; scape to 6 /10 m tall, topped with umbel of up to 15 flrs, corollas white or pink, united at base, petals reflexed; stamens extend forward; rich 

moist woodlands; Gadsden Co.; Mar-Apr.
127. Dodonaea elaeagnoides Rudolph ex Ledeb. and

Alderstam

Kartesz: includes within D. viscosa (L.) Jacq.
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Nelson, plate #133; Scurlock, p. 72 FL and West Indies 

 Blumea 28:271-289 [1983]

Small, 821, as D.

microcarya

Wunderlin, 417

 Keys hopbush 

smallfruit varnish leaf

 Sapindaceae;

soapberry family

 Shrub, to 3 m tall; lvs obovate, to 8 cm long, tips rounded to squared (sometimes with notch or mucro), not varnished; inflor glandular; flrs unisexual, sepals 4, stamens 6 or 7 (completely suppressed in flrs); frts 4-7 mm long, with 2-4 mm wide wing, wing fused to style base; hammocks; Monroe Co. [Keys only].
128. Drosera filiformis Raf.
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 175 MA to SC; FL 

 Clewell, 345

Godfrey and Wooten, 186-

187

Radford et al., 517

Small, 579 [as D. tracyi, in

part]

Wunderlin, 321

 dew-threads

thread-leaf sundew

 Droseraceae;

sundew family

 glandular herb with a corm-like base, forming over-wintering structures (hibernacula); erect lvs thread-like (less than 1 mm wide and to 25 cm long), covered with purplish to red glandular hairs; flrs rose-pink, on tall scapes; damp sand, edge of lakes, exposed lake bottoms; Bay and Washington cos.; May, fruits in Oct.
129. Drypetes diversifolia Krug and Urban
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Nelson, plate #53; Scurlock, p. 73 FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 795-798

Long and Lakela, 546

Small, 780

Wunderlin, 401

 milkbark

whitewood

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 shrub or tree to 12 m, bark white, rough; 2 types of lvs: lower lvs short petiole, rounded base, tips mucronate, spine-toothed margins and upper lvs petioles 1 cm+, base rounded to wedge-shaped, tips blunt to acuminate, margins entire; flrs unisexual, in axillary clusters, 5 sepals, no petals, 8 stamens; frts ivory-white drupes to 2.5 cm long; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos. ; spring. 
130. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench

| Atlas; Chafin

FL to LA to OK, north to VA, OH, MI, IL, OH, KY, NC, SC, TN 

 Clewell, 304

Cronquist, 29

Radford et al., 1110

Steyermark, 1560

Wunderlin, 623

 purple coneflower Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 perennial herb; lvs alternate, simple, lanceolate to elliptic or ovate, to 15 cm long and 10 cm wide, hairy on both sides; involucral bracts in several rows; ray flrs pink (ours), drooping, disc flrs surpassed by the stout bracts of the cone; calcareous openings in mesic forest; Gadsden Co.; May.
131. Eleocharis rostellata (Torrey) Torrey

Canada to 

FL, NY to IL, KS, OK, TX, CA, UT, WY, NM, 

Mexico, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Correll and Johnston, 272

Godfrey and Wooten, 326,

329

Wunderlin, 160-164

 beaked spikerush Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 perennial herb, with vertical caudex; lvs bladeless sheaths only; spikes ovoid, thicker than the supporting stem, scales of spike spirally arranged; bristles long as achene and tubercle, with down-pointed teeth; achene 3-angled, tapered into a pyramidal tubercle, olive-brown, smooth, no ribs; prairies, swamps; Dade, Taylor, Santa Rosa and Wakulla cos.
132. Eltroplectris calcarata (Hooker f.) Garay and

Sweet

synonym: Centrogenium setaceum (Lindl.) Schlecht.
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, South America 

 Correll and Correll, 350-351

Long and Lakela, 323

Luer, 124-125

Small, 384

Ward, 18

Wunderlin, 234

 spurred neottia

longclawed orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; 1 to 3 lvs, 9-15 cm long and petiolate; peduncle 3 dm long; flrs white and greenish, lateral sepals form a spur; lip is fringed; dense hammocks; Dade and Highlands cos.; winter-spring.
133. Encyclia boothiana (Lindl.) Dressler

Luer uses: var. erythronioides (Small) Luer

synonym: Prosthechea boothiana (Lindl.) W. E. Higgins
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 354-355

Long and Lakela, 332

Luer, 204-205

Small, 392

Ward, 27-28

Wunderlin, 234-235

 dollar orchid

FL dollar orchid

 Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphyte; pseudobulbs about size of silver dollar, lvs up to 15 cm long; flrs greenish yellow, blotched with reddish purple, lip is pale yellow to white; low limbs of trees in hammocks or thickets, marine tidal swamps; Dade, Indian River and Monroe cos.; Jun-Sep.
134. Encyclia cochleata (L.) Lemée

Luer uses: var. triandra (Ames) Dressler for FL 

synonym: Prosthechea cochleata (L.) W. E. Higgins
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 29; Chafin

3 anthers: FL 

2 anthers: West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 356-357

Long and Lakela, 332

Luer, 202-203

Small, 392, as Anacheilium

Wunderlin, 234-235

 FL clamshell orchid Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; 1 to 3 lvs, to 30 cm long; flrs yellowish with purplish blotches at base, lip shell-like and velvety purple, 3 sepals and other 2 petals long and ribbon-like; rockland hammocks, dome swamps, strand swamps; Broward (?), Collier, Dade Lee and Monroe [not in Keys] cos.; all year.
135. Encyclia pygmaea (Hook.) Dressler

synonym: Prosthechea pygmaea (Hook.) W. E. Higgins
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 332-333

Luer, 200-201

Small, 393, as Hormidium

Ward, 28-29

Wunderlin, 234-235

 dwarf epidendrum Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; flrs are cradled between the lvs on each pseudobulb; sepals white, shading to yellow; two lateral petals linear and white; lip white, 3-lobed, with rose purple spot on tip of center lobe; Fakahatchee Strand; Collier 

Co.; Oct-Feb.
136. Epidendrum acunae Dressler

Kartesz: E. blancheanum Urban
 
 
 

FL, Cuba, Mexico, Central America 

 Luer, 219-220

Ward, 29

Wunderlin, 235-236

 Acuna's epidendrum Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphyte; pendent, stems to 1 m, continue to lengthen after flowering; 2 to 6 lvs, to 12 cm long; 1-3 flrs, brownish-green; 2 cm long capsule; Collier Co. (extirpated?); May-Jun. [Luer: E.ramosum is a smaller plant, each 

branch terminates after flowering.] 
137. Epidendrum anceps Jacq.

Kartesz: E. secundum Jacq.

synonym: E. amphistomum A. Richard
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 330

Luer, 210-211

Wunderlin, 235-236

 dingy-flowered

epidendrum

 Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphyte; erect, stems to 1.1 m tall; 5-13 lvs, up to 18 cm long and 4 wide (LandL, p 329: 6+ cm wide), green usually but also red to maroon; dense capitate raceme of up to 25 flrs, brownish (yellow-green, red-brown, or bronze tinged purple) petals, lip adheres to column and flares to spade-shaped; rockland hammocks, dome swamps, strand swamps, hammocks; Broward, Collier, Dade, Lee, Martin and Monroe [not in Keys] cos.; Jan-Jul and all year.
138. Epidendrum difforme Jacq.

synonym: Neolehmannia difformis (Jacq.) Pabst
 

| Chafin; DPI poster, plate #30

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 330

Luer, 212-213

Wunderlin, 235-236, as:

E. floridense Hagsater

 umbelled epidendrum Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; pendent stems to 30 cm long; 5-10 lvs, up to 10 cm long and 3 cm wide, fleshy, glossy; 3-20 flrs in compact raceme, greenish, variable in size; bracts linear and not enclosing ovary; hammocks; (Broward) , Collier, Dade, Lee, Monroe [not in Keys], (Palm Beach) and Polk cos.; Aug-Nov. and all year.
139. Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 365-366

Long and Lakela, 330

Luer, 214-215

Ward, 84-85

Wunderlin, 235-236

 night-smelling

epidendrum

night-scented

epidendrum

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; erect stems to 1 m tall; 4-10 lvs, to 15 cm long and 2.5 wide, leathery; flrs bloom singly and in slow succession, yellow sepals and petals long, narrow, spreading, lip 3-lobed and white; fragrant at night; rockland hammocks, strand swamps, dome swamps; (Broward), Collier, Dade, Lee, Martin, Monroe [not in Keys] and Palm Beach cos.; Jul-Dec and all year.
140. Epidendrum rigidum Jacq.

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 31

 Correll and Correll, 366, 368

Long and Lakela, 330

Luer, 216-217

Wunderlin, 235-236

 rigid epidendrum Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphyte; ascending stems to 20 cm; 2-6 lvs, to 8 cm long and 15 mm wide, leathery, keeled; flrs alternate on spike, greenish, insignificant; rockland hammocks, dome 

swamps, strand swamps; Broward, Collier, Dade, Hendry, Lee, Monroe [not in Keys] and Palm Beach cos., Oct-May.
141. Epidendrum strobiliferum Reichenb. f.
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 329

Luer, 218-219

Wunderlin, 235-236

 matted epidendrum Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; pendent stems to 18 cm long, numerous and matted; 2-8 lvs, to 5 cm long and 1 cm wide, rigid, leathery, green to reddish-brown; flrs terminal, 3 to 4, pale yellow, hidden by large bracts; strand swamp; Collier and Lee cos.; Oct-Nov and all year.
142. Epigaea repens L.
 
 
 
 
 
 

Newfoundland, Quebec to Saskatchewan, south to IA, FLand MS 

 Clewell, 348

Gleason and Cronquist, 209

Godfrey, 238-240

Radford et al., 810-811

Small, 1005

Ward, 137-138

Wunderlin, 475

 trailing arbutus Ericaceae;

heath family

 trailing shrub; evergreen lvs; corolla white to pink, 

densely pubescent within; bluffs, mixed hardwood 

forest; Escambia, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and 

(Walton) cos.; Dec-Feb.
143. Eragrostis tracyi Hitchcock

| Chafin endemic 

 Hall, 175

Ward, 86

Wunderlin, 107- 111 

 Sanibel lovegrass

Sanibel Island lovegrass

 Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 annual (occasionally perennial) herb; delicate grass; beach dunes, maritime hammocks, coastal strand, coastal grassland, old fields, clearings, disturbed sites; Lee, Manatee, Pinellas and Sarasota cos.; all year.
144. Eriocaulon nigrobracteatum Orzell and Bridges
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Phytologia 74(2): 104-124,

Feb. 1994

Wunderlin, 191

 dark-headed hatpins Eriocaulaceae;

hatpins family

 perennial herb, forming dense clumps, with fleshy, unbranched , septate roots; lvs in basal rosette, septate, up to 4 cm long and 1 mm wide (smallest E. in eastern N Am. north of Mexico); involucral bracts uniformly dark gray, not reflexed; receptacle glabrous; sepals with white clavate hairs, black anthers; seepage bogs; Bay, Calhoun and Gulf cos.; Mar-Apr. 
145. Eriogonum floridanum Small

Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. var. gnaphalifolium Gandog. is listed as threatened by Federal Register, 18 Mar. 1993.

Kartesz: E. longifolium var. gnaphalifolium

| Atlas; Chafin; Taylor, p. 42 endemic 

 Small, 445

Ward, 86-87

Wunderlin, 270-271, as

Kartesz

 scrub-buckwheat

Florida umbrella plant

longleaf wild- 

buckwheat

 Polygonaceae;

buckwheat family

 herbaceous perennial with woody rootstock; to 1 m tall; flowering stems with alternate lvs; flrs grouped into heads with bracts beneath, 6 linear sepals, no petals; sandhill, scrub, longleaf pine, Lake Wales Ridge; Highlands, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola, Polk, Putnam and Sumter cos.; all year.
146. Ernodea cokeri Britt. ex Coker

| Chafin FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1389-

1391

Wunderlin, 576

 one-nerved ernodea

Coker's beach creeper

 Rubiaceae;

madder family

 shrub; leaves narrowly linear, to 3 mm wide, 1-nerved; corolla tube pink or red; calyx as long or longer than fruit; pine rocklands; Dade Co., all year.
147. Eryngium cuneifolium Small

Federal Register, 21 Jan 1987

| Chafin endemic 

 Small, 964

Wunderlin, 468-469

 scrub eryngium

snakeroot

wedgeleaf eryngo

 Umbelliferae/

Apiaceae;

carrot family

 herb; erect; lvs divided or lobed, 3-5 teeth at tip, lvs reduced in number up the stem; capitate inflorescence, whitish flrs age powder blue; sand pine scrub; Highlands Co.; Sep-Nov.
148. Erythronium umbilicatum Parks and Hardin
 
 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 14 VA, WV, MD, south to FL and AL 

 Clewell, 179

Gleason and Cronquist, 834

Small, 292

Ward, 88-89

Wunderlin, 207

 dimpled dogtooth-

violet

trout lily

amberbell

dimpled troutlily

 Liliaceae;

lily family

 herbaceous perennial from corm; 2 lvs, fleshy, about 10 cm long, mottled (like a trout); solitary flr on long stalk, greenish or purplish outside and yellow inside, recurved; stream banks and bluffs; Gadsden and Leon cos.; Feb-Mar.
149. Eugenia confusa DC.

| Atlas; Chafin; Scurlock, p. 80 FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1044

Long and Lakela, 645

Small, 936

Wunderlin, 453 

 redberry eugenia

tropical ironwood

ironwood

 Myrtaceae;

myrtle family

 tree, up to 6 m tall; scaly bark, red-brown heartwood; lvs 

to 5 cm long, with prolonged tip; frt scarlet, 5-8 mm wide; rockland hammocks; Dade, (Lee), Martin and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; Mar-Jul.
150. Eugenia rhombea (Berg) Krug and Urban
 

| Atlas; Scurlock, p. 82 FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 1044

Long and Lakela, 645

Small, 935

Ward, 29-30

Wunderlin, 453

 red stopper Myrtaceae;

myrtle family

 tree to 3 m tall; lvs 3-6 cm long, opposite; inflorescence axillary, pedicel 1 cm long [E. axillaris has longer pedicels]; berries black to 8 mm wide; rockland hammocks; Dade, (erroneously in Lee) and Monroe [Keys] cos.; Apr-Sep.
151. Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq.

Note: Kartesz spells it "Evonymus" All refs. to right use E.

atropurpureus; Kartesz uses E. atropurpurea.
 

| Atlas NY to ND, south to FL and TX 

 Clewell, 268

Gleason and Cronquist, 329

Godfrey, 195-196

Radford et al., 685-686

Small, 818

Wunderlin, 414

 burning bush

wahoo

spindle tree

strawberry bush

arrow wood

eastern wahoo

 Celastraceae;

staff-tree family

 shrub or small tree; lvs to 12 cm long and 6 cm wide, toothed; inflor. axillary cymes on peduncles ½ as long as lvs; petals 4, maroon, with hyaline margins; dangling pinkish-purple capsule 4-lobed, splits but not reflexing; scarlet seed; stream banks; Gadsden and Liberty cos.; Apr.
152. Eupatorium frustratum B.L. Robins.

Wunderlin uses Chromolaena frustratum (B.L.Robins.) King and H. Robinson.

| Chafin endemic 

 Cronquist, 185

Long and Lakela, 873

Small, 1320, as Osmia

frustrata

Wunderlin, 615-616

 Cape Sable

thoroughwort

 Compositae/ 

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Eupatorieae.

 herbs, to 20 cm tall; lvs simple, over 15 mm wide, 2-5 cm long, deltoid-ovate, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, wedge-like base, margins with shallow teeth; inflor. diffuse; flrs all discs, blue or lavender; coastal hammocks; Monroe [including Keys] Co.; all year.
153. Eupatorium villosum Sw.

[In 1998 Rule, listed as : Koanophyllon villosum (Sw.) King and H.E.Robins.]

Kartesz uses: Eupatorium villosum Sw.

[See Taylor, 112-114; Bell and Taylor, 252, for other spp.] FL and West Indies 

 All as Eupatorium:

Correll and Correll, 1486-

1487

Cronquist, 186

Small, 1327

 Keys' thoroughwort Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy flower.

tribe: Eupatorieae.

 shrub to 2 m tall; densely hairy throughout; lvs opposite, to 6.5 cm long and 4 cm wide; bracts in 2 to 3 series; flrs 9-13, white to bluish; hammocks, pine woods; Dade Co.; all year.
154. Euphorbia commutata Engelm.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas FL, GA, SC to PA, MO, MN 

 Clewell, 357

Radford et al., 670, as E. 

commutatus

Small, 801, as Galarhoeus

Wunderlin, 401-402

 wood spurge

tinted woodland spurge

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 herb, with milky sap, decumbent stem; lvs alternate, spathulate to ovate or lanceolate, margins entire; bracteal lvs opposite, smaller than stem lvs, reniform to ovate0reniform; cyathia 4-lobed, glands yellowish, with long tail-like tips; woods and stream banks; Gadsden, Jackson, Levy and Marion cos.; spring.
155. Euphorbia telephioides

This species was moved to Tithymalus telephioides (#381); but in error it was not removed from the list as Euphorbia. See page 58.
156. Evolvulus convolvuloides (Willd. ex J.A.

Schultes) Stearn

synonuym: E. glaber Spreng.

[see Taylor, 90; Bell and Taylor, 113, for E. sericeus]

FL, West Indies, South America 

 Correll and Correll, 1170-

1171

Long and Lakela, 714

Small, 1082

Wunderlin, 507

 dwarf bindweed

bindweed dwarf

morningglory

 Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 herb, prostrate, creeping; lvs nearly glabrous below at maturity, to 2 cm long, oblong-ovate or obovate; flrs solitary in axils, blue, pink or white, to 1 cm wide; coastal on limestone or coral rock; Dade and Monroe [including Keys]; all year
157. Evolvulus grisebachii Peter
 
 

FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 714

Small, 1082, as E. wrightii

Wunderlin, 507

 Grisebach's bindweed

Grisebach's dwarf 

morningglory

 Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 herb, tufted, suberect, silvery hairs; lvs suborbicular to ovate, ca. 1 cm long, acute tips; flrs white or blue, 8-9 mm wide; pinelands, glades; Monroe Co. [Keys only]; all year.
158. Exostema caribaeum (Jacq.) J.A. Schultes
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; Scurlock, p. 83 FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 1393-

1394

Long and Lakela, 798

Small, 1256

Wunderlin, 577

 princewood

Caribbean princewood

Jesuit bark

 Rubiaceae;

madder family

 shrub or tree, to 7 m tall, bark bitter (once used to reduce fever); lvs opposite, 4-8 cm long, oblong-lanceolate to ovate, acuminate tips, conspicuous veins; flrs fragrant, solitary in lf axils, calyx tubular, to 4 mm long, corolla tubular, lobes linear, to 4.5 cm long, white or pinkish, fade to orange; frts woody capsules, to 1.5 cm long; hammocks, pinelands; Keys [Monroe Co]); spring.
159. Forestiera godfreyi L. C. Anderson
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin also in 1 SC county 

 Godfrey, 503, 505-506

Wunderlin, 487

 Godfrey's swamp privet Oleaceae;

olive family

 shrub or small tree; drooping branches, roots at branch tips; flrs very early in spring on twigs of previous season before new growth; petaloid sepals; separate male and female flrs; mesic calcareous wood; Alachua, Gadsden, Gilchrist, Jackson, Jefferson, Leon, Levy, Liberty, Nassau and Marion cos.; early spring.
160. Fothergilla gardenii L.

All in Ref. column (except Wunderlin) use: F. gardenii Murray
 

| Chafin TN, AL, MS, GA, FL 

 Clewell, 374

Godfrey, 372-373

Radford et al., 530-531

Small, 601

Wunderlin, 325

 dwarf witch-alder Hamamelidaceae;

witch-hazel family

 shrub, to 1 m tall; colonial; lvs with stellate hairs on lower surface, glabrous above, margins wavy; inflor. globose or oblong, terminal; petals absent; stamens showy, white; capsule with 2 curving beaks; pine savannas, shrub bogs, hillside bogs; Walton and Okaloosa cos.; early spring.
161. Galactia smallii H.F. Rogers ex Herndon

Endangered Species Act 1973; Federal Register, 18 July 1985

Note: Isely -- "more abundant pubescence and smaller flrs than G. floridana and G. regularis."

| Chafin endemic 

 Isely, 152- see note

Long and Lakela, 494, as

G. prostrata

Small, 719

Wunderlin, 358, as part of G. regularis

 Small's milkpea Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 herb; prostrate and twining; stems to 2 m long; hairy;

lflets 3, 1-2.2 cm long; flrs 1-5 on long stalk; corollas 

11-12 mm long, pink-purple or lavender, fading pale; legume 3-4 cm long, 4 mm wide; pine rocklands; Dade Co.; May-Jul.
162. Galeandra beyrichii Reichenb. f.
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 324

Luer, 245-246

Wunderlin, 237

 helmet orchid Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial, up to 1 m tall; 1-2 ephemeral lvs, to 25 cm long and 3 cm wide, 3 ribbed; terminal raceme with to 12 flrs, pale yellow-green petals, green and purple striped lip with ruffled edge, lip attached to base of the column; 

edges of sinkholes in rockland hammock; Dade Co.
163. Gentiana pennelliana Fernald
 
 
 
 
 
 

endemic 

 Clewell, 367

Godfrey and Wooten II, 536

Long and Lakela, 697

Small, 1054, as

G. tenuifolia

Ward, 89-90

Wunderlin, 492-493

 wiregrass gentian Gentianaceae;

gentian family

 herb; lvs linear-spatulate; flrs solitary, not involucrate; corolla white, spotted with blue-green internally; wet flatwoods, slash pine plantations, roadside ditches; Bay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, (Leon), Liberty, Wakulla and Walton cos.; Oct-Feb.
164. Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br.
 
 

| Atlas; Luer, 9 Quebec, ME to MN, south to SC, FL, AL, AR 

 Clewell, 185

Gleason and Cronquist, 855

Radford et al., 350-351

Wunderlin, 237

 downy rattlesnake

orchid

downy rattlesnake 

plantain

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial herb; flowering stem with 4-14 bracts; lvs basal rosette, ovate to lanceolate, dark green midrib bordered by pair of white stripes and with net-like white veins; lip pouchy, sac less than half as long as the body; hammocks; Liberty Co.; Jun.
165. Gossypium hirsutum L.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; DPI poster, plate #13; Nelson, plate #85 FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 Correll and Correll, 925-927

Long and Lakela, 591

Small, 861

Ward, 30-31

Wunderlin, 427

 wild cotton

short-staple cotton

upland cotton

 Malvaceae;

mallow family

 herb or shrub to 4 m tall; 3-lobed lvs; involucel (below calyx) with 2 - 5 bracts with lacy tips; petals white, fade to pink and rose; seed with long hairs; coastal hammocks, shell mounds, coastal berm; Charlotte, (Collier), Dade, Lee, Manatee, Monroe [including Keys], Pinellas and Sumter cos.; all year.
166. Govenia utriculata (Swartz) Lindley

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 369-370

Long and Lakela, 324

Luer, 243, 245

Wunderlin, 237

 Gowen's orchid Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial herb to 0.5 m tall; lvs 2, dark green, fan-like; 5-15 flrs, white with lavender spots, lip arises from base of column, lateral sepals fused with lip; rockland hammocks; Dade Co. (extirpated?); Nov-Dec. 
167. Guaiacum sanctum L.

Kartesz: Guajacum
 

FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #12; Nelson, plate # 85; Scurlock, p.89

 Correll and Correll, 718-720

Long and Lakela, 508

Small, 755

Ward 90-91

Wunderlin, 383, as Kartesz

 lignum vitae

holywood

tree of life

 Zygophyllaceae;

caltrop family

 tree to 10 m tall; hard wood, close grain; lvs opposite, with 3-4 pairs of lf-lets; flrs to 3 cm wide, petals blue; frt 5-angled, bright orange; seed black with scarlet fleshy coat; rockland hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
168. Guzmania monostachia (L.) Rusby ex Mez in

DC.
 
 
 

| Chafin; DPI poster, plate #59 FL, West Indies, South America 

 Correll and Correll, 274, 

276-277

Long and Lakela, 269

Small, 272

Ward, 31-32

Wunderlin, 193

 Fuchs' bromeliad

strap-leaved guzmania

West Indian tufted

airplant

 Bromeliaceae;

pineapple family

 epiphyte; vase-shaped; red bracts beneath the white flrs: attractive; rockland hammocks, strand swamp; Collier, Dade and Monroe [not Keys] cos.; all year.
169. Gyminda latifolia (Sw.) Urban
 
 
 
 

| Atlas;Chafin; Nelson, plate #40; Scurlock, p. 93 FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 Correll and Correll, 867

Long and Lakela, 568-569

Small, 819

Wunderlin, 414

 West Indian false-box

false boxwood

walla-berry

 Celastraceae;

staff-tree family

 shrub or tree, to 8 m tall, twigs 4-angled; lvs opposite, evergreen, 2-4 cm long, entire or slightly crenate above middle, oblong-ovate or ellipitic; inflor axillary clusters; and flrs on separate plants, petals 4, white, to 2 mm long; frt a drupe, to 8 mm long, dark blue or reddish black when ripe; hammocks; Dade & Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
170. Habenaria distans Griseb.
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Godfrey and Wooten I, 635,

636

Luer, 160-161

Small, 372

Wunderlin, 237

 distans habenaria

hammock false rein-

orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; erect, up to 30 cm tall; lvs 5, basal rosette, glossy green, to 10 cm long and 3.5 cm wide; infl. a spike with widely separated flrs, flrs "spidery," greenish, lip 3-parted with club-shaped spur; hydric hammocks, strand swamps; Collier, Highlands, Lee and Manatee cos.; Aug-Sep. 
171. Harperocallis flava McDaniel

Federal Register, 2 Oct 1979 monotypic genus 
 

| Chafin DPI poster, plate #61 endemic 

 Clewell, 179

Ward, 32-33

Wunderlin, 207

 Harper's beauty Melanthiaceae;

bunchflower

family Or,

Liliaceae;

lily family

 perennial; lvs basal, linear; single terminal flr, 3 yellow petals and 3 yellow sepals (become externally green and internally greenish with purple margins); 3 capitate stigmas; bogs, edge of titi swamps, roadsides; Franklin and Liberty cos.; Apr-May.
172. Harrisia eriophora (Pfeiffer) Britt.

[In the 1998 Rule, listed as: Cereus eriophorus Pfeiffer.]

Federal Register, 1 Nov. 1985 as Cereus eriophorus L. Pfeiffer var. fragrans (Small) L. Benson

Kartesz: Harrisia fragrans Small 

| Atlas; Chafin var. fragrans is endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 628

Small, 916, as Harrisia

Wunderlin, 446, as Harrisia

fragrans

[var. eriophorus is not native to US; Benson, 558-560]

 fragrant prickly-apple

Caribbean applecactus

 Cactaceae;

cactus familyCactaceae;

cactus family 

 columnar; stems7-12 angled, up to 5 m tall and to 5 cm diameter; sprawls; flrs nocturnal, white or pink, to 10 cm diameter, petals long and narrow, hairs on floral tube 10-15 mm long and form tufts; orange-red frts; coastal hammocks, scrubby flatwoods; Brevard, Indian River, Monroe, St. Lucie and Volusia cos. 
173. Harrisia gracilis (Mill.) Britt.

[In the 1998 Rule, listed as: Cereus gracilis Mill.]
 

Harrisia aboriginum Small ex Britton and Rose: Yellow fruit; maritime hammocks and shell middens; Lee, Manatee and Sarasota cos. (Benson, as C. gracilis var. aboriginum) : Chafin
 

Harrisia simpsonii Small ex Britton and Rose: Red fruit; Brevard, Collier, Dade, Indian River, Monroe [incl. Keys] and St. Lucie cos. (Benson, as C. gracilis var. simpsonii). : Atlas; DPI poster, plate #9 both endemic

 Benson, 560-561, as C.

gracilis

Long and Lakela, 630

Small, 915-916

Ward, 76

Wunderlin, 446, as Harrisia

aboriginum and H.

simpsonii

 west coast prickly-

apple

prickly applecactus

 Cactaceae; 

cactus family

 columnar; stems 9-11 ridged; sprawls; flrs whitish, hairs on floral tube 6-8 mm long, no tufts, inner petals with lacy tips; frts yellow; shell mounds, rockland hammocks, maritime hammocks; [See Scientific Name column for counties].
174. Hasteola robertiorum L. C. Anderson

This genus was formerly Cacalia.
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Systematic Botany 19(2): 

211-219

Wunderlin, 631

 Gulf hammock Indian-

plantain

Gulf hammock cacalia

 Compositae/ 

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Senecioneae.

 perennial herb; latex pale brownish-yellow; stem to ca. 

1 m tall, strongly ridged, purplish basally; basal lvs long petiolate, deltoid; upper lvs appear sessile due to decurrent tissue; infl flat-topped; heads with 8-9 bracts in single series and 4-7 bracteoles 5-9 mm long, 10-14 flrs in head; flr greenish white, 9-10 mm long; hydric hammocks, on muck soil; Lake and Levy cos.; Oct.
175. Helianthus carnosus Small
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Cronquist, 43

Godfrey and Wooten II, 764

Small, 1436

Wunderlin, 633

 flatwoods sunflower

lakeside sunflower

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 perennial; to 1 m tall; basal rosette from one side of bulbous base, main stem from other; head solitary, disc ca. 1.5 cm wide, disc flrs yellow; wet sandy soil in flatwoods; Clay, Flagler, St. Johns and Volusia cos.; Jun-Sep.
176. Heliotropium fruticosum L.

[see Taylor, 90-91; Bell and Taylor, 231, for other Heliotropium spp.]

endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 729

Small, 1132, as H. 

phyllostachyum

Wunderlin, 517

 Key West heliotrope Boraginaceae;

borage family

 annual, to 20 cm tall; lvs elliptic, to 2.5 cm long; inflor with bracts; corolla tube 2-3 mm long, white, with small swellings low in the throat; frts ca. 1.5 mm wide; hammocks, waste places; Key West [Monroe Co.]. Extirpated?
177. Hepatica nobilis P. Mill.

H. americana (DC.) Ker is a synonym.

Atlas uses Anemone americana (DC.) H. Hara

| Atlas Quebec to MN, south to FL, AL and MO 

 Clewell, 461

Radford et al., 467-468

Small, 516

Ward, 33-34

Wunderlin, 300

 liverleaf

roundlobed liverleaf

 Ranunculaceae;

buttercup family

 herb; lvs basal, 3-lobed, hairy petioles; flrs solitary, petals absent; calcareous bluffs, riverbanks; Gadsden Co.; Feb-Mar.
178. Hexalectris spicata (Walter) Barnh.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas VA to MO, south to FL and TX, Mexico 

 Clewell, 186

Luer, 174-175

Radford et al.., 354-355

Small, 388

Wunderlin, 238

 crested coralroot

brunetta

spiked crested coralroot

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; lvs absent at flowering; flrs not spurred, golden brown with purple veins, lip red-violet, 3-lobed, ca. 17 mm long, column exposed, white; pine-hickory woods; secondary woods, calcareous hammocks; Alachua, Brevard, Calhoun, Citrus, Columbia, Dixie, Duval, Hernando, Indian River, Jackson, Lake, Lee, Leon, Levy, Jackson, Liberty, Marion, Pasco, Sarasota, St. Johns, Sumter and Suwannee cos.; June-Aug.
179. Hibiscus poeppigii (Spreng.) Garcke

synonym: H. pilosus (Sw.) Faucett and Rendle
 
 
 

| Atlas; Scurlock, p. 95 FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 Long and Lakela, 595

Small, 855

Wunderlin, 427-428

 Poeppig's rose-mallow Malvaceae;

mallow family

 shrub or herb, to ca. 2 m tall, slender branches; appressed stellate hairs in dense lines; lvs to 4 cm long, triangular-ovate (may have 3 obscure lobes); flrs solitary, nodding,; bracts linear, to 9 mm long; calyx to 12 mm long; petals red, united into a tube; seeds wooly; hammocks; Dade and Keys (Monroe) cos.; all year.
180. Hippomane mancinella L.
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

Atlas; Chafin:; Nelson, plate #54; Scurlock, p. 97

 Correll and Correll, 818, 

820-821

Long and Lakela, 544

Small, 790

Ward, 92-94

Wunderlin, 403

 manchineel

manzanillo

poison-guava

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 tree; to 15 m tall; bark rough; milky sap causes severe dermatitis; lvs alternate, shiny, ovate, 5-8 cm long; terminal spike; flrs greenish; frt 2-2.5 cm wide, yellowish with rosy blush; hard stone; several seeds; coastal berm, rockland hammocks, maritime hammocks, tidal swamp borders; (Dade) and Monroe cos.; all year.
181. Hybanthus concolor (Forst.) Spreng.

VT and Ontario to MI, KS, south to NC, FL, AR 

 Clewell, 513

Radford et al., 723

Small, 894

Wunderlin, 441

 green violet Violaceae;

violet family

 herb; lvs 7-14 cm long on erect stems to ½ m tall; flrs with green petals, lower petal swollen; calcareous upland mixed forest; Gadsden Co.; Mar-May.
182. Hydrangea arborescens L.
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas NY to OH, MO, OK, south to FL, LA, AR 

 Clewell, 480

Gleason and Cronquist, 226

Godfrey, 643-644

Radford et al., 522-523

Small, 597

Ward, 140

Wunderlin, 324

 wild hydrangea

smooth hydrangea

mountain hydrangea

seven-bark

American hydrangea

 Hydrangeaceae;

hydrangea

family Or,

Saxifragaceae;

saxifrage family,

 shrub; to 2 m tall; bark papery and shreddy; lvs opposite, deciduous, 18 X 12 cm, toothed; flrs in flat terminal cluster, large sterile flrs on outside edges, flrs white; rich woods, bluffs; Liberty and Walton cos. Jun-Jul.
183. Hymenocallis godfreyi G. Lom. Smith and 

M. Darst
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Novon 4:396-399. 1994.

Wunderlin, 217-218

 Godfrey's spiderlily Amaryllidaceae; 

amaryllis family Or,

Liliaceae;

lily family

 herb, with bulb; rhizomatous; 3 to 6 yellow-green lvs, to 38 cm long and 2.5 cm wide; flowering stem to 30 cm long; 2 flowers, perianth tube to 8.5 cm long and green, broadly funnelform staminal cup with dentate marginal horns; frts subglobose; burned marsh; Wakulla Co.; Mar-May.
184. Hymenocallis henryae Traub
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 519

Brittonia 42(3): 212-220

Wunderlin, 217-218

 Mrs. Henry's spiderlily

green pine lily

green spiderlily

 Amaryllidaceae; 

amaryllis family Or,

Liliaceae;

lily family

 perennial herb with bulb; up to 8 erect leaves, margins hyaline, to 60.5 cm long and 2.5 cm wide, appearing before the flrs; 2 flrs per stem, tube green, tepals greenish-white, staminal cup white, funnelform, irregularly toothed; cypress depressions in flatwoods, margins of pine flatwoods, scrubby border to pine plantations; Bay, Gulf, Liberty and Walton cos.; May-Jun.
185. Hypelate trifoliata Sw.
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Scurlock, p. 98 FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 881-882

Long and Lakela, 574

Small, 829

Ward, 94

Wunderlin, 418

 inkwood

white ironwood

melochia

ebony

 Sapindaceae;

soapberry family

 tree; to 13 m tall; white bark; heavy, close-grained wood; lvs evergreen, trifoliate; flrs small, separate male and female on same tree; frt a drupe, 8-9 mm wide, black; rockland hammocks, pine rockland; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; Jun-Aug.
186. Hypericum cumulicola (Small) Adams

Federal Register, 21 Jan 1987

synonym: Sanidophyllum cumulicola Small

| Chafin endemic 

 Small, 874

Ward, 34-35

Wunderlin, 435-437

 Highlands scrub

hypericum

 Guttiferae;

garcinia family Or:

Hypericaceae; or,

Clusiaceae.

 perennial herb; branched; resembles yellow-flax; lvs succulent, narrow, 4-5 mm long; flrs 3-many, petals 5 yellow, stamens grouped in 4's; white sand, sand pine scrub, abundant after fires; Highlands and Polk cos.; Jul-Nov.
187. Hypericum edisonianum (Small) Adams and

Robson
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Godfrey and Wooten, II-340-

341

Small, 868, as Ascyrum

edisonianum

Ward, 94-95

Wunderlin, 435-437

 Edison ascyrum

Edison's ascyrum

 Guttiferae;

garcinia family Or:

Hypericaceae; or,

Clusiaceae

 colonial shrub; to 1 m tall; highly branched at the top of plant; bark smooth, reddish brown to gray; lvs opposite, deciduous, prominent persistent lf bases; 4 sepals, 4 yellow petals; numerous stamens; depression marsh, seepage slopes, wet prairie, wet flatwoods, ponds; DeSoto, Glades, Highlands and (Polk) cos.; all year.
188. Hypericum lissophloeus Adams
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 372

Godfrey, 359-361

Godfrey and Wooten II, 343-

344

Ward, 35-36

Wunderlin, 435-438

 smooth-barked St. 

John's wort

water-cedar

 Guttiferae;

garcinia family Or:

Hypericaceae; or,

Clusiaceae

 shrub; to 4 m tall; bark on stem gun-barrel gray until exfoliating to show chestnut-brown inner bark; prop roots form on submerged stems; lvs needle-like; sepal and petals 5, petals yellow; seeds more than 1 mm long; pond margins, sinks; Bay and Washington cos.; Jun-Oct.
189. Illicium parviflorum Michaux ex Vent.
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #8; Nelson, plate #64 endemic 

 Godfrey, 383

Small, 533

Wunderlin, 304

 star anise

yellow anisetree

 Illiciaceae;

illicium family

 much like I. floridanum except the tips of lf blades are obtuse and blunt or even rounded; flrs much smaller, petals yellow, 6-7 stamens; bottomland forest, wet hammocks; Lake, Marion, Orange, Polk, Seminole and Volusia cos.; Apr-Jun.
190. Indigofera keyensis Small

Kartesz uses: I. trita L.f. var. keyensis (Small) Kartesz and Gandhi

Isely uses: I. mucronata Sprengel ex DC. var. keyensis (Small) Isely

[See Taylor, 142, 220-221, 302, for other Indigofera spp.} endemic 

 Isely, 86

Small, 698

Wunderlin, 359-360, as I. 

mucronata

 Keys' indigo

Florida Key's indigo

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 annual or perennial herb, scrambling to 1 m long; stem with small appressed, straight hairs; lf-lets 5, opposite on lf-stalk; corolla pink to salmon, 6-7 mm long; legume 3-4.5 cm long, usually curved; hammocks, disturbed areas; Keys (Monroe Co.); all year.
191. Ionopsis utricularioides (Swartz) Lindl.

| Bell and Taylor, p. 32; DPI poster, plate #40

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 335

Luer, 268-270

Small, 396

Wunderlin, 238

 delicate ionopsis

delicate violet orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; lvs 1-5, rigid, rhizomes rather than pseudobulbs; peduncle lateral and reaching past lvs; cluster of flrs; showy flrs, pinkish-lavender, somewhat resembles flowers of Utricularia, the bladderworts; rockland hammocks, strand swamp; Collier, Lee, Monroe and Palm Beach cos.; Jan-Apr.
192. Ipomoea microdactyla Griseb.
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #45 FL and Cuba 

 Correll and Correll, 1178

Long and Lakela, 721

Small, 1088

Wunderlin, 508-510

 wild potato morning

glory

bejuco colorado

[ pest plant air potato is Dioscorea bulbifera]

 Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 vine, stems become woody; lvs 3-8 cm long, entire or 5-7 lobed; flrs scarlet or crimson, stamens and style project outside tube, tube slender, 4-5 cm long, limb 4-5 cm wide, showing signs of 5 tips; pine rockland, vacant lots; Dade Co.; Apr-Nov.
193. Ipomoea tenuissima Choisy

Fl and West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 722

Small, 1085

Wunderlin, 508-510

 rockland morning glory Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 vine; lvs 3-5 cm long, variously shaped; flrs purple, 3 cm wide, stamens and style inside tube, flr solitary on stalks up to 3 cm long; pine rocklands; Dade Co, escaped in Monroe Co.; all year.
194. Isoetes engelmannii A. Braun
 
 
 
 

Ontario, south to FL, from VA west to MO 

 Clewell, 41

FNA, 70

Radford et al., 9-10

Small, ferns, 441-443

Wunderlin, 35, as I.

appalachiana

 Engelmann's quillwort

Appalachian quillwort

 Pteridophyta--

Isoeteaceae;

quillwort family

 perennial emergent aquatic; rootstock cormlike, corky; lvs evergreen, to 90 cm long and 3 mm wide; sporangia at base of lvs, velum covers half of sporangium, megaspores less than 500 across, with honeycomb-like ridges; floodplains, creek banks; Clay, Duval, Franklin, Gadsden, Holmes, Leon, (Marion), (Putnam) and (Wakulla) cos.; Apr.
195. Isopyrum biternatum (Raf.) Torrey and Gray

Kartesz uses: Enemion biternatum Raf.
 

| Atlas

Canada, to NY and MN, to VA, rare in NC and SC, absent from GA, FL and AK 

 Clewell, 462

Radford et al., 456

Small, 512

Ward, 141

Wunderlin, 300, as Kartesz

 false rue-anemone Ranunculaceae;

buttercup family

 herbaceous perennial, roots yellowish with tuberous tips; lvs ternately cpd, margins entire, lflets lobes for more than half the length; sepals 5, petaloid, white, to 1 cm long; no petals; numerous stamens; follicles stipitate and beaked; rich woods, limestone ledges in hammocks; Jackson and Washington cos.; Jan-Mar.
196. Isotria verticillata (Muhlen. ex Willd.) Raf.

Atlas uses: Pogonia verticillata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas WI to ME, south to FL and LA 

 Clewell, 186

Godfrey and Wooten I, 650-

651

Luer, 44-46

Radford et al., 341-342

Small, 375-376

Wunderlin, 238

 whorled pogonia

purple 5-leaf orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial, to 30 cm tall; lvs 5-6, whorled at top of stalk (resembles Indian-cucumber, Medeola virginiana); sepals purplish-brown, widely spreading, petals yellowish, converging over the column, lip 3-lobed, middle lobe white, lateral ones edged in purple; moist forests; Gadsden and Washington cos.; Apr.
197. Jacquemontia havanensis (Jacq.) Urban

synonym: J. jamaicensis (Jacq.) Hall
 
 
 

| Atlas FL, West Indies, Mexico, Belize 

 Correll and Correll, 1183

Long and Lakela, 724

Small, 1089

Wunderlin, 511

 Havana clustervine Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 Stems woody at base, soft at tips, slender, vining, twining; lvs herbaceous, to 15 mm long, ovate, tips blunt, base obtuse; flrs axillary, cymose or solitary, white, less than 1 cm wide; capsule subglobose with acute tip; hammocks; Dade and Keys (Monroe) cos.; all year.
198. Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) G. Don

[In 1998 Rule, listed as J. pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don]
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL and West Indies 

 The below (except Wunderlin) use J. pentantha:

Correll and Correll, 1183-

1184

Long and Lakela, 724

Small, 1089

Wunderlin, 511

 skyblue clustervine Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 herbaceous vine, slender; lvs ovate, acute at tips, bases subcordate, 2-5+ cm long; flrs axillary, densely cymose on peduncles longer than the lvs, usually only 1 to 2 open; corollas blue (may be white), 10-20 mm long and wide when open; capsule enclosed by sepals; seeds glabrous, bumpy; hammocks; Collier, Dade and Monroe [ incl. Keys] cos.
199. Jacquemontia reclinata House

Federal Register, 24 November 1993
 

endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 724

Small, 1089

Ward, 36

Wunderlin, 510

 beach jacquemontia

beach clustervine

 Convolvulaceae;

morning-glory

family

 perennial vine from woody base, rarely climbs; lvs fleshy, to 3 cm long, alternate; flrs white, over 2 cm wide, calyx 0.4 to 0.5 cm long, ciliolate; beach dunes, strand openings; Broward, Dade, Martin (extirpated?) and Palm Beach cos.; Mar-Dec.
200. Juncus gymnocarpus Coville
 
 
 
 
 
 

mountains PA to NC and TN, coastal plain AL and FL 

 Clewell, 174

Godfrey and Wooten I, 545,

547

Radford et al., 275

Small, 283

Ward, 141-142

Wunderlin, 201-203

 Coville's rush 

Pennsylvania rush

 Juncaceae;

rush family

 perennial herb, rhizomatous, clonal; lvs lack blades; inflor appears lateral due to very long, erect, flexible bract; flrs in loose cymes and single on the axes; inner perianth with blunt tips, outer sharp pointed; capsules longer than the perianth; acid swamps; Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton and Washington cos.; Jun.
201. Justicia cooleyi Monachino and Leonard

Federal Register, 27 July 1989
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 700,

702

Ward, 97-98

Wunderlin, 570

 Cooley's justicia

Cooley's waterwillow

 Acanthaceae;

acanthus family

 perennial herb with square stems; lvs entire, up to 5 cm (2") long; flrs on zig-zag branches, corolla 2-lipped, upper notched, lower 3-lobed, lavender and white mottled, rest of flr is bright lavender-rose; 2 stamens; rocky woods, moist to seasonally wet; Brooksville Ridge in Hernando, Lake and Sumter cos.; Aug-Dec.
202. Justicia crassifolia (Chapman) Small
 
 

endemic

 Clewell, 238

Godfrey and Wooten II, 702,

704

Small, 1231

Wunderlin, 570

 thick-leaved water-

willow

 Acanthaceae;

acanthus family

 perennial herb; to 40 cm tall; lvs opposite, entire, narrowly linear to 15 cm long; flrs in lax spikes; corollas 2-2.5 cm wide, bright purple, 2-lipped; wet flatwoods; cypress swamps, seepage slopes, roadside ditches; Franklin and Gulf cos.; May- Jul.
203. Kosteletzkya depressa (L.) O. J. Blanchard,

Fryxell and Bates
 
 
 

[See Taylor, 224; Bell and Taylor, 101, for K. virginica.]

FL and West Indies, Mexico to Venezuela and Equador 

 All but Wunderlin as: K.

pentasperma

Godfrey and Wooten II, 322

Long and Lakela, 594

Small, 860

Wunderlin, 429

 white fen

white fen-rose

 Malvaceae;

mallow family

 perennial herb to 1 m tall, stems, stems with scattered pustular-based hairs and lines of stellate hairs; lvs with both stellate and simple hairs, deltoid-ovate, 3-7 cm wide, acute tips; flrs axillary, solitary; 7-10 linear involucel bracts; petals 5, white, 1 cm long; calyx lobes shorter than radius of mature capsule; borders of mangrove swamps, coastal hammocks; Monroe Co. (not Keys).
204. Lantana canescens Kunth

Kartesz uses: L. microcephala A. Rich
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 735

Small, 1140, as

Goniostachyum

Wunderlin, 522

 hammock shrub

verbena

small-headed lantana

 Verbenaceae;

vervain family

 shrub, stems gray or whitish; lvs to 6 cm long, lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, serrate, pubescent; infl axillary, dense spikes, bracts 4-ranked; calyx 1 mm long, 2-lobed; corolla 2-lipped, to 4.5 mm long and 3 mm wide, white; two nutlets, 1.5 mm wide; hammocks; Dade Co.; all year.
205. Lantana depressa Small

3 varieties:

var. depressa, pineland lantana

var. floridana (Moldenke) R. W. Sanders, East Coast lantana 

var. sanibelensis R. W. Sanders, West Coast lantana

| Chafin endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 736, as

L. ovatifolia var.

reclinata

Small, 1142

Syst. Bot. 12(1): 44-60

Wunderlin, 522-523

 pineland lantana 

East Coast lantana and

West Coast lantana

Sanibel lantana

 Verbenaceae;

vervain family

 shrub; prostrate (var. depressa) or erect branches, unarmed; lvs to 3.5 cm long; flat-topped spikes; corollas yellow, 5-6 mm long; drupe to 3.5 mm long; pine rockland, coastal strand, coastal grasslands, beach berm, marl prairies; Brevard, Broward, Collier, Dade, Duval, Hardee, Hendry, Lee, Martin, Monroe, Palm Beach, Pinellas and Volusia cos.; May-Nov.
206. Lechea divaricata Shuttlew. ex Britt.
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 611

Small, 883

Wunderlin, 440-441

 spreading pinweed 

drysand pinweed

 Cistaceae;

rock-rose family

 perennial herb, stem nearly procumbent, stems divaricately branched; lvs small, alternate; flrs as above; capsule 

much longer than sepals; dry sandy soil, scrubby flatwoods; Brevard, Broward, Citrus, Collier, Dade, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Lee, Manatee, Martin, Palm Beach, Pinellas, Polk, Seminole and Volusia cos.; May-Oct.
207. Lechea lakelae Wilbur
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Rhodora (1974),

76 (807): 481-483

Wunderlin, 440-441

 Lakela's pinweed Cistaceae;

rock-rose family

 perennial herb, compact, wiry-stemmed bushy top, glabrous; lvs glabrous, linear-elliptic, to 1.2 cm long and to 1 mm wide; mature capsule slightly longer than the inner sepals; coastal strand, white sand in Ceratiola scrub; Collier Co.; Jun-Sep.
208. Leiphaimos parasitica Schlecht. and Cham.

Kartesz (1994) and Mabberley (1997) use: Voyria.

Voyria parasitica (Schlecht. and Cham.) Ruyters and Maas

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 1121-

1122

Long and Lakela, 695

Small, 1056

Wunderlin, 493

 parasitic ghostplant

ghost plant

 Gentianaceae;

gentian family

 saprophytic perennial, not green; lvs scalelike, opposite; inflor. terminal cymes or solitary flrs; corollas white or pinkish; leaf mold in hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
209. Leochilus labiatus (Swartz) Kuntze
 
 

FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Luer, 264, 267 lipped orchid Orchidaceae; 

orchid family

 epiphytic; small sized; 2 to 3 lvs, to 6 cm long and 1.5 cm wide; 3 to 6 flrs, fleshy, greenish-yellow mottled brown to red, lip proportionally very large even if only to 6 mm long and 3 mm wide; swamp, with Ionopsis utricularioides; Collier Co.; Apr-May. [native?]
210. Lepanthopsis melanantha (Reichenb. f.) Ames 

FL and West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 331

Luer, 188-190

Ward, 144-145

Wunderlin, 238

 tiny orchid Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte on pond apple, cypress, popash, etc.; to 8 cm tall; cauline sheaths funnel-shaped; single leaf per stem; flrs tiny, crimson purple, lip lowermost; strand swamps; Collier Co.; all year.
211. Lepuropetalon spathulatum (Muhl.) Elliott

NC, SC, GA, FL, MS 

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 205

Radford et al. 524-525

Small, 591

Wunderlin, 323

 little-people

petiteplant

 Saxifragaceae;

saxifrage family

 diminutive herb; rosette to 3 cm wide; lvs entire, to 1 cm long and 2 mm wide; petals white; moist clay soil, glades; Gadsden Co.; Mar-Apr.
212. Liatris ohlingerae (Blake) B.L. Robins.

Federal Register, 27 July 1989

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Cronquist, 203

Small, 1335, as Ammopursus

Wunderlin, 637-638

 scrub blazing star

Florida gay feather

button snakeroot

sand torch

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Eupatorieae.

 perennial; to 1 m tall; lvs 1-2.5 mm wide; flrs in heads to 2 cm broad and 3 cm long, bright pinkish-purple; sand pine scrub; Lake Wales Ridge in Highlands and Polk cos.; Jul-Nov.
213. Liatris provincialis Godfrey

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 317

Cronquist, 205

Ward, 98-99

Wunderlin, 637-648

 Godfrey's blazing star

Godfrey's gayfeather

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Eupatorieae.

 perennial herb; lvs gradually decreasing in length from base of stem to flrs; heads to 1 ½ cm long and stem visible between heads; sandhills, dunes, coastal grassland; Franklin and Wakulla cos.; Sep-Oct.
214. Licaria triandra (Swartz) Kosterm.

| Chafin FL and West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 423

Small, 923

Wunderlin, 308

 Gulf licaria

misanteca

pepperleaf sweetwood

 Lauraceae;

laurel family

 tree; evergreen lvs alternate, to 11 cm long, long pointed; flrs minute and in 3-5 fl clusters; 3 stamens; rockland hammocks; Dade Co.
215. Lilium iridollae Henry
 
 
 
 

| Chafin Fl and Baldwin Co., AL 

 Clewell, 179

Godfrey and Wooten I, 585-

586

Ward, 37

Wunderlin, 207

 panhandle lily Liliaceae;

lily family

 perennial herb from bulb and rhizomes; lvs extending to the inflorescence, whorled; flrs nodding, with 3 petals and 3 petal-like sepals (=6 tepals), tepals not clawed, tepals yellow with brown-red spots, strongly recurved; bogs, swamps, banks of black water creeks; Escambia, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and Walton cos.; Jul-Sep.
216. Lilium michauxii Poiret
 
 
 
 

| Atlas coastal plain VA to FL, west to LA; mountains WV, VA southward 

 Clewell, 179

Godfrey and Wooten I, 585

Radford et al., 310-311

Small, 292, as L. carolinianum

Wunderlin, 207-208

 Carolina lily

turk's-cap lily

 Liliaceae; 

lily family

 perennial herb, bulb and rhizomes; mid-stem lvs whorled (upper and lower lvs smaller, may be alternate), oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, entire margins; flrs orange-red, purple spotted, greenish at base tepals recurved, 1-2 cm wide; hammocks; Gadsden, Jackson, Liberty and Walton cos.; Jul.
217. Lilium superbum L.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin Canada, south to AL and FL 

 Clewell, 179

Godfrey and Wooten I, 587

Radford et al., 310-311

Small, 291

Wunderlin, 207-208

 turk's-cap lily

lily royale

 Liliaceae; 

lily family

 perennial herb from bulb and rhizomes; mid-stem lvs whorled (upper lvs smaller and alternate), lanceolate to elliptic, tapering to both ends, entire margins; flrs orange or orange-red, purple spotted, bright green at base, tepals strongly recurved, ca.2.5 cm wide; hammocks; Jefferson, Leon and Liberty cos.; Jul.
218. Lindera melissifolia (Walter) Blume

Federal Register, 1981
 

[See Bell and Taylor, 63, for L. benzoin.] NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, MO 

 Godfrey, 413

Godfrey and Wooten, 359-

360

Small, 924

Wunderlin, 308

 pondberry

Jove's-fruit

southern spicebush

 Lauraceae;

laurel family

 shrub to 2 m tall; lvs deciduous, ovate to elliptic, sassafras odor; flrs pale yellow, before lvs; drupe bright red; margins of limestone sinks and poorly drained depressions; Gadsden Co. Extirpated?.
219. Lindera subcoriacea B.E. Wofford
 
 

| Chafin LA, MS, FL 

 Jour. Arnold Arbor.

64(2): 325

 bog spicebush Lauraceae;

laurel family

 shrub to 2 m tall; lvs deciduous, almost leathery, elliptic to oblanceolate, pine-lemon odor, less than 7.5 cm long; flrs pale yellow, before lvs; drupe bright red; bogs, seepage slopes; Okaloosa and Putnam cos. (possibly also Brevard, Marion and Orange cos.)
220. Linum arenicola (Small) Winkl.
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 258

Long and Lakela, 505

Small, 752

Wunderlin, 381-382

 sand flax Linaceae;

flax family

 perennial; lvs alternate (except lowest ones), linear; corollas yellow, less than 1 cm wide; staminodes; pine rocklands; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
221. Linum carteri Small 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2 varieties: both endemic

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 257-

258

Long and Lakela, 507

Small, 752

Wunderlin, 381-382

 Everglades flax

Carter's flax and Small's 

flax

 Linaceae;

flax family

 var. carteri: annual; lvs alternate, narrow; corollas orange-

yellow, over 1 cm wide; mowed pine rockland; Dade

Co.; Feb-Apr.

var. smallii Rogers: petals 12-17 mm long (vs. 9-11 mm); 

stems smooth except at base (vs. scabrous or

puberulent); mowed pine rockland, roadside, marl

prairies; Collier, Dade, Hendry, (Martin) and Monroe 

[not in Keys] cos.
222. Linum westii Rogers
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 422

Godfrey and Wooten II, 258

Ward, 145-146

Wunderlin, 381-382

 west flax

West's flax

 Linaceae;

flax family

 perennial herb; lvs opposite at base of plant, but alternate at top, to 17 mm long, 3-4 mm wide; flrs on short stalks, 5 yellow petals, ca. 6 mm long; cypress swamp, depression marsh, pond margins, slash pine-saw palmetto flatwoods; Baker, Calhoun, Clay, Franklin, Gulf, Jackson and Okaloosa cos.; Jun-Aug.
223. Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl.

Luer and Godfrey and Wooten use L. elata Lindl.
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Godfrey and Wooten, 673,

676-677

Luer, 170-171

Wunderlin, 238

 tall twayblade orchid

tall liparis

pantropical widelip

orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial to semi-epiphyte; to 50 cm tall; 3-7 lvs, plicate (folded fan-like), to 30 cm long and 12 cm wide; raceme few to many flowered; flrs small, purple, rose, to greenish, column greenish; cypress swamps, rich humus of hammocks, wet muck; Collier, Dade (extirpated?), Hernando and Hillsborough cos.; Jul-Sep.
224. Litsea aestivalis (L.) Fern.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin VA to FL, west to LA, TN 

 Clewell, 389

Godfrey, 413, 414

Godfrey and Wooten II, 359

Radford et al., 478-479

Small, 923: as Glabraria

geniculata

Ward, 146-147

Wunderlin, 308

 pond-spice

pondspice

pond bush

 Lauraceae;

laurel family

 shrub; to 3 m tall; zigzag branches; lvs deciduous, alternate, acute tips; flrs in clusters, 6 yellow tepals, 9 staminodia; frts bright red drupes; margins of ponds, bayheads, hammocks in cypress swamps, peaty soils; Alachua, (Citrus,) Clay, Columbia, Dixie, (Lafayette,) Levy, Madison, Marion, Okaloosa, Pasco, Putnam and Taylor cos.; Feb-Apr.
225. Lobelia boykinii Torr. & A. Gray ex DC.
 
 

 Coastal Plain, NJ, DE, NC to MS

 Clewell, 261

Gleason, 3: 321-322

Gleason and Cronquist, 500

Godfrey and Wooten II, 748

Radford et al., 1008

Small, 1295

Wunderlin, 590

Boykins lobelia Campanulaceae;

bluebell family/

Lobeliaceae;

lobelia family

perennial herb with rhizomes; stems slender, usually unbranched, to 0.9 m tall, sometimes spongy or hollow below; lvs alternate, filiform, to 25 mm long and 0.5 mm wide, the lower lvs shed by flowering time; flrs in loose raceme, on 1-cm-long pedicels without bractlets; corolla blue with white eye or all white, 10-12 mm long, lower lip pubescent inside; capsule 3 mm wide; cypress-dome edges, wet prairies and flatwoods, often in water; Escambia, Santa Rosa, Okaloosa, Jackson, and Gadsden cos.; May-July.
226. Lomariopsis kunzeana (C. Presl ex L.

Underw.) Holttum

Stenochlaena kunzeana (Pres.) Underw.

Fl and West Indies 

 FNA, 304-305

Lakela and Long, 110, 112

Long and Lakela, 104

Small: ferns, 63-65

Wunderlin, 57

 climbing holly-fern

holly fern

holly vine fern

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae/

Dryopteridaceae/ Lomariopsidaceae;

wood fern family

 fern; long-creeping or climbing by stems; petiole about ½ as long as blade, rachis winged, sterile lvs with coarsely serrated lflets, fertile lflets wholly covered with sporangia; limestone sinkholes in rockland hammocks; Dade Co.
227. Lupinus aridorum McFarlin ex Beckner

Endangered Species Act: 1973; Federal Register, 7 Apr 1987

Lupinus westianus var. aridorum (McFarlin ex Beckner) Isely

| Chafin; Taylor, p. 244 endemic 

 Isely, 119, as L. westianus

Small, 68, as L. westianus

Ward, 99-100

Wunderlin, 364

 McFarlin's lupine 

Bechner's lupine

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 herb; stems and lvs with short hairs; no stipules; flrs pink to rose with deep reddish-purple spot on standard; sand pine scrub, yellow sand; Orange, Osceola, and Polk cos.; Mar-Apr.
228. Lycopodium dichotomum Jacq.

Kartesz: Huperzia dichotoma (Jacq.) Trevisan

FNA: Phlegmariurus dichotomus (Jacq.) W.H. Wagner
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America

 FNA, 20

Lakela and Long, 23 and 26

Small: ferns, 405-406

Ward, 38-39

Wunderlin, 33, as Kartesz

 hanging clubmoss

hanging fir-moss

 Pteridophyta--

Lycopodiaceae;

club-moss family

 epiphyte on pond-apple and pop-ash trees; perennial; stems pendent; sporangia in zones of younger branches (lacks strobili); strand swamps; Collier Co.
229. Lythrum curtissii Fernald
 
 

| Chafin FL and GA 

 Clewell, 426

Godfrey and Wooten II, 380-

381

Small, 931

Wunderlin, 450-451

 Curtiss' lythrum

Curtiss' loosestrife

 Lythraceae;

loosestrife family

 herb; lvs alternate (lower ones opposite), lvs in branches abruptly smaller than those of main stem; calyx lobes and the appendages between them equal in length; swampy woods, seepages along calcareous river; Franklin, Gadsden and Liberty cos. July-Sep.
230. Lythrum flagellare Shuttlew. ex Chapman
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 380

Long and Lakela, 634

Small, 931

Wunderlin, 451

 lowland loosestrife Lythraceae;

loosestrife family

 perennial herb, creeping rhizome, sprawling stems; lvs opposite, oblong or elliptic, to 12 mm long, tips blunt; flrs solitary in lf axils, lavender to purple, floral tube turbinate; low open ground, swamps, thickets; Charlotte, Collier, DeSoto, Glades, Hendry, Hernando, Lee, Manatee, Okeechobee, Orange and Sarasota cos.; Spr.
231. Macbridea alba Chapman

Federal Register, 8 May 1992, threatened
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 384

Godfrey and Wooten II, 610-

611

Small, 1155

Ward, 39-40

Wunderlin, 532

 white birds-in-a-nest Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 perennial herb; lvs opposite, spathulate; flrs white, 2-lipped, extend beyond the terminal head-like bracts; wet pine flatwoods and savannahs; Apalachicola River basin: Bay, Franklin, Gulf and Liberty cos.; Jun-Jul.
232. Macradenia lutescens R. Br. 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, South America 

 Long and Lakela, 338

Luer, 266-267

Small, 395-396

Wunderlin, 238

 Trinidad macradenia

longgland orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphytic; narrow pseudobulbs each with a single leaf; lvs leathery, to 15 cm long and 3 cm wide; infl pendent, with up to 20 flrs; flrs greenish yellow with marking of purple and reddish brown, lip pale salmon and with a long tongue like tip crooked to the left; rockland hammocks; Dade (extirpated?) and Monroe [not Keys] cox. ; Oct-Nov.
233. Macranthera flammea (Bartr.) Pennell
 
 

| Chafin FL, GA to LA 

 Clewell, 489

Godfrey and Wooten II, 660-

662

Small, 1212

Wunderlin, 555

 hummingbird flower

flameflower

 Scrophulariaceae;

figwort family

 herb; lvs alternate, with 5-7 pairs of lobes; flrs terminal clusters, corollas orange, fleshy; 4 stamens; capsule with many 3-4 mm long seeds; bogs, acid swamps, creek banks; Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and Walton cos.; Jul-Sep.
234. Magnolia acuminata (L.) L.
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas Ontario, NY, PA, OH, SC, IN, MO, south to FL and AR 

 Clewell, 427

Godfrey, 466-467

Radford et al., 475

Small, 534

Ward, 147

Wunderlin, 303-304

 cucumber-tree

mountain magnolia

 Magnoliaceae;

magnolia family

 tree; to 20 m tall; lvs to 20 cm long, tips sharply elongated; flrs greenish-yellow or orange-yellow, 9 perianth parts; frts cucumber shaped, knobby, dark red when mature; seed red to reddish-orange; rich woods on slopes, ravines and along streams; Holmes and Walton cos.; Apr.
235. Magnolia ashei Weatherby

Godfrey : M. macrophylla Michaux ssp. ashei (Weatherby) Spongberg; Wunderlin: M. macrophylla var. ashei (Weath.) D. I. Johnson
 
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 58; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #44 endemic 

 Clewell, 427

Godfrey, 461-462

Small, 536

Ward, 100-101

Wunderlin, 303-304

 Ashe's magnolia Magnoliaceae;

magnolia family

 tree or shrub; lvs deciduous, evenly spaced on twigs, up 

to 60 cm long, 30 cm wide, narrowed from the middle to the bases (which may be eared); petals cream-colored with a purplish blotch at the base, to 15 cm long; frts 4-5 cm long, rosy red, then brown; bluffs, hammocks, bayheads; Gadsden, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington cos.; Apr-May.
236. Magnolia pyramidata Bartram
 
 
 
 

| Atlas SC, GA, AL to TX 

 Clewell, 427

Godfrey, 463-464

Radford et al., 475

Small, 536

Wunderlin, 303-304

 cucumber-tree

pyramid magnolia

wood-oread

 Magnoliaceae; 

magnolia family

 tree; to 20 m tall; lf buds glabrous; lvs deciduous, lvs spaced along twigs, eared at bases, to 20 cm long; flrs fragrant, petals to 8 cm long; frts 4-9 cm long, purplish at maturity; forest bluffs; Calhoun, Gadsden, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and Walton cos.; Apr-May.
237. Magnolia tripetala (L.) L.
 
 

| Atlas spotty distribution: PA, OH, IN, VA south to FL, west to AR, OK 

 Clewell, 427

Godfrey, 463,465-466

Radford et al., 475

Small, 536

Wunderlin, 303-304

 cucumber-tree

elk-wood

umbrella magnolia

umbrella-tree

 Magnoliaceae; 

magnolia family

 tree, to 15 m tall; lf buds glabrous; lvs deciduous, lvs clustered at tips of twigs, 20-40 cm long, tapering at both ends, tips cuspidate; flrs malodorous, petals 11-16 cm long; frts 8-12 cm long, pink to red at maturity; forest bluffs; Okaloosa and Santa Rosa cos.; Spr.
238. Malaxis unifolia Michaux
 
 
 
 
 
 

Newfoundland and Quebec to Manitoba, south to

| Atlas FL, TX, Mexico, West Indies and Central America 

 Clewell, 186

Godfrey and Wooten I, 673,

675

Luer, 166-167

Radford et al., 351

Small, 386

Ward, 147-148

Wunderlin, 239 

 green adder's-mouth

green addersmouth

orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 20 cm tall; lf solitary, sheathing lower 

half of stem, to 9 cm long and 6 cm wide; infl many flrs raceme with lower flrs opening first; flrs green, lip lowermost, bifid (resembles a viper's fangs!); damp 

woods, bogs, sinks, bluffs; Alachua, Escambia, Hernando, Jackson, Leon, Liberty, Marion, Wakulla, Walton and Washington cos.; Feb.
239. Marshallia obovata (Walter) Beadle and

Boynton
 

| Chafin VA to GA, AL and FL 

 Clewell, 318

Cronquist, 66

Radford et al., 1131

Small, 1457

Ward, 148-149

Wunderlin, 639

 Barbara's buttons

spoonshape Barbara's

buttons

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 perennial herbs; to 2 m tall; colonial; lvs alternate, 3-nerved at bases; heads solitary, 2-3.5 cm wide; flrs all tubular, white; meadows, open woods, rocky stream banks, sandhills; Jackson Co.; Apr-May.
240. Marshallia ramosa Beadle and Boynton 
 

| Chafin GA and FL 

 Clewell, 318

Cronquist, 66

Small, 1457

Wunderlin, 639

 Barbara's buttons

southern Barbara's

buttons

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 herb; stem branched; bracts acute, glabrous, without glandular dots; no ray flrs, disc flrs white (sometimes pale lavender); pinelands and savannahs, with wiregrass; Washington Co.
241. Matelea alabamensis (Vail) Woodson

| Chafin AL, GA, FL 

 Clewell, 252

Small, 1075

Ward, 40

Wunderlin, 503

 Alabama spiny pod

Alabama milkvine

 Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

 vine; lvs to 18 cm long; calyx lobes hairy, paired basal glands; corollas greenish yellow with unridged corona; follicles stout, not winged, with fleshy spines; hardwood bluffs; Liberty and Walton cos.; Apr-Jun.
242. Matelea baldwyniana (Sweet) Woodson

Except for Wunderlin, listed references use: Matelea baldwiniana.

| Chafin OK, MO, AR, AL, FL 

 Clewell, 252

Small, 1077

Ward, 149

Wunderlin, 503 

 Baldwin's spiny pod

Baldwin's milkvine

 Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

 vine; lvs to 16 cm long, basal lobes overlapping; corollas white or yellowish, corona appears 10-lobed (5 narrow lobes with 2 teeth and 5 shorter broader lobes); hardwood bluffs; Gadsden and Jackson cos.; Apr-Jun.
243. Matelea flavidula (Chapman) Woodson

SC, GA, AL, FL 

 Clewell, 252

Radford et al., 858

Small, 1078

Wunderlin, 503

 yellow flowered spiny

pod

yellow Carolina

milkvine

 Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

 vine; lvs to 16 cm long, basal lobes not overlapping; corollas yellowish, corona not mostly black, appears 10 lobed; corollas lobes spreading; slope forests, bluffs, 

upland mixed forest; Duval, Gadsden, Liberty and Washington cos.
244. Matelea floridana (Vail) Woodson

synonym: Odontostephana floridana (Vail) E. J. Alex.
 

endemic 

 Clewell, 252

Small, 1078

Wunderlin, 503

 Florida spiny pod

Florida milkvine

 Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

 vine; lvs to 5 cm long; corollas purplish; corona mostly black; bluffs, pine-oak-hickory woods; Alachua, Bradford, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, (Dade, introduced), Duval, Hernando, Lake, Levy, Liberty, Madison, Manatee, (Marion) and Orange cos.; Apr-Aug.
245. Matelea pubiflora (Decne.) Woodson
 
 

GA and FL 

 Small, 1078

Wunderlin, 503-504

 sandhill spiny pod

trailing milkvine

 Asclepiadaceae;

milkweed family

 slender vine-like herb; lvs 2 to 4 cm long; calyx about as long as corolla; corolla dull-purple, campanulate; sandhills and scrub; Alachua, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, Gilchrist, Highlands, Hillsborough, Lafayette, Lake, Levy, Orange, Polk, Putnam and Suwannee cos.
246. Maxillaria crassifolia (Lindl.) Reichenb. f.
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Luer, 251, 253

Long and Lakela, 337

Small, 1501

Ward, 41

Wunderlin, 239

 hidden orchid Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte on pond-apple and pop-ash; pseudobulb with several lvs hiding it; lvs 30 cm long, fold halfwise along the midrib; flrs hidden in axils of lvs, yellow, leathery, up to 1.5 cm long; strand swamps; Collier Co.; Sep-Jan.
247. Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. and Endl.) Garay
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Lindleyana 8(1): 25-31

Wunderlin, 239

 minnie-max Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; pseudobulb laterally compressed, to 4 cm long and 12 mm wide; lvs to 20 cm long and 20 mm wide; infl on 1 cm long stalks; petals to 4 mm long, white to yellowish, lip to 4 mm long, orange-yellow and wedge-shaped; capsule globose, to 8 mm wide; strand swamps; Collier Co. 
248. Medeola virginiana L.
 
 

| Atlas

Nova Scotia, Quebec to MI, WI, s to VA and MO, mountains of GA and AL, and FL 

 Clewell, 180

Godfrey and Wooten I, 587

Radford et al., 293

Small, 305

Ward, 149-150

Wunderlin, 208

 Indian cucumber-root

cushat-lily

 Convallariaceae;

lily-of-the- valley

family Or,

Liliaceae;

lily family

 perennial herb; horizontal white tuber with taste of cucumber, 5-9 lvs in circle midway of stem; another circle (of 3) at top of stem; several flrs, greenish-yellow, 6 tepals; bottomland forest; Gadsden, Leon, Liberty, Okaloosa and Santa Rosa cos.; Apr.
249. Microgramma heterophylla (L.) Wherry

synonym: Phymatodes heterophyllum (L.) Small

FL, West Indies 

 Lakela and Long, 90-91

Long and Lakela, 82

FNA, 329-330

Small: ferns, 91-93

Wunderlin, 45

 climbing vine fern

vine fern

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 epiphytic fern; stem creeping (vine-like); blades undivided, upper surface glabrous except some scales on midvein; 

sori in one row between midrib and margin; rockland hammocks; Collier, Dade, Monroe [not Keys] and (Palm Beach) cos.
250. Minuartia godfreyi (Shinners) McNeill
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, AL, SC, NC 

 Clewell, 266

Godfrey and Wooten II, 120

Radford et al., 443, as

Arenaria

Small, 498-499, as Sabulina

Wunderlin, 291

 Godfrey's sandwort Caryophyllaceae;

carnation family

 perennial herb, prostrate, leafy throughout; lvs linear, 10-3.5 mm long; fl stalks stipitate-glandular; petals 5, white, 2X long as sepals; creek banks, seepage areas; Taylor and Volusia cos.; Mar-May.
251. Monotropa hypopithys L.

synonym: Hypopitys monotropa Crantz.
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p.82 North America south, and Mexico 

 Radford et al., 795-796

Small, 988, as Hypopithys

americana

Ward, 150-151

Wunderlin, 477

 pine-sap

false beechdrops

 Ericaceae;

heath family Or,

Monotropaceae;

monotropa family 
 

 herb without chlorophyll; plant yellow, tawny, pinkish or red; several flrs, petals separate, deciduous; upland woods; Lake, Marion, Okaloosa, (Orange) and Walton cos.; Oct-Nov.
252. Monotropsis reynoldsiae (Gray) Heller 

Atlas uses: M. odorata Schwein.
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Small, 989

Ward, 41-42

Wunderlin, 477

 pygmy-pipes

sweet pine-sap

 Ericaceae

--see above-

 herb without chlorophyll; dirty white to brownish-purple; several nodding flrs, petals united at base, persistent; grows on Cornus florida roots; (Brevard), Citrus, Hernando, (Marion,) Pasco, St. Johns and (Volusia) cos.; Jan-Feb.
253. Nemastylis floridana Small 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; Taylor, p. 240; DPI poster, plate #15 endemic 

 Small, 326

Ward, 102-103

Wunderlin, 224

 celestial lily

fall-flowering ixia

 Iridaceae;

iris family

 herb with bulb; lvs narrow, overlapping; flrs erect, violet or blue with white eye, sepals and petals similar; filaments partly united into a short tube around the style, anthers coiling from the tip; clearings in swamps, marshes and wet pine flatwoods; Brevard, Broward, Flagler, Lake, Martin, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Polk, Seminole and Volusia cos.; Jul-Nov.
254. Neurodium lanceolatum (L.) Fée

Kartesz: Nevrodium

FNA: Paltonium lanceolatum (L.) C. Presl

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 FNA, 330, as Paltonium

Lakela and Long, 90, 92

Long and Lakela, 83

Small: ferns, 98-99

Wunderlin, 45

 ribbon fern Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 epiphytic fern; fronds to 45 cm long, tufted, narrowed to apex, veins net-like; sori in a nearly marginal band at the tip to nearly mid-leaf; hammocks and mangrove swamps; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
255. Nolina brittoniana Nash

Federal Register, 18 Mar 1993
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Taylor, p. 35 endemic 

 Small, 304

Wunderlin, 213

 Britton's beargrass Dracaenaceae;

dragon's blood 

family Or,

Agavaceae;

agave family Or,

Liliaceae;

lily family

 perennial, short stem; plant either male or female (occasional ones both); lvs long and slender (to 13 mm wide), rough margins; as N. atopocarpa, except ovary depressed at apex, capsule notched at both ends; dry pinelands and sand pine scrub; Hernando, Highlands, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola and Polk cos.; Mar-May.
256. Nymphaea jamesoniana Planch. Wunderlin, 296-297 Jameson's water lily

night blooming waterlily

 Nymphaceae;

waterlily family

 perennial; lf margins entire (to slightly sinuate), upper surface with papillae and short lines; 4 sepals, petals white, night-blooming; ponds, canals, sloughs; Charlotte, Citrus, DeSoto, Lee, Levy and Sarasota; summer-fall.
257. Ocimum campechianum P. Mill.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 As O. micranthum:

Correll and Correll, 1262-

1264

Long and Lakela, 750,752

Small, 1181

Wunderlin, 533

 ocimum

mosquito plant

wild basil

wild mosquitoplant

wild sweet basil

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 annual, to 50 cm tall; lvs opposite, petiolate, ovate to ovate-oblong, 2-7 cm long, acute tips, toothed margins, glandular-punctate; flrs clustered in panicles to 10 cm long; calyx 2-lipped, lower lip with 4 lobes; corolla 2-lipped, lower lip with 2 ovate lobes and a notched middle one, white to purplish, ca. 4 mm long and barely longer than calyx; nutlets ca. 1 mm long; disturbed sites; Collier, Dade and Monroe [incl. Keys] cos.; all year.
258. Okenia hypogaea Schlecht. and Cham.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; DPI poster, plate #14 FL, Mexico 

 Long and Lakela, 389

Small, 487

Ward, 43-44

Wunderlin, 284

 beach peanut

burrowing four-o'clock

dune groundnut

 Nyctaginaceae;

4 o'clocks family

 annual; stems and lvs sticky (sand sticks!); lvs opposite; 

flrs reddish purple, about 3 cm across, long tube and 5 notched lobes; fl-stalk elongates after fruit begins to form and pushes the fruit under the sand; ocean side of coastal dunes; Broward, Dade, (Martin), (Monroe), Palm Beach and St. Lucie cos.; May-Nov.
259. Oncidium bahamensis Nash ex Britt. and

Millsp. [sic: should be bahamense]

Kartesz: Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash ex Britt. and Millsp.) G.J. Braem

synonym: Oncidium variegatum Sw.

FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 379

Long and Lakela, 336

Luer, 256-257

Small, 397, 

Ward, 103-104

Wunderlin, 246, as Tolumnia

 dancing-lady orchid

variegated orchid

Florida variegated

orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; pseudobulb minute; lvs curved and keeled, margin serrate, to 7 cm long; slender flr stalk; flrs white and greenish marked with purple and brown; rosemary scrub; Martin and Palm Beach cos. [introduced?]; winter-spring.
260. Oncidium floridanum Ames
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; DPI poster, plate #63 FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 379-381

Long and Lakela, 336-337

Luer, 258-259

Small, 397

Wunderlin, 239, as O. ensatum

 Florida oncidium

FL dancinglady orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 mostly terrestrial, occasionally epiphytic; pseudobulb large and flattened; lvs flat to folded, to 1½ m tall, margins entire; inflor to 2½ m long; flrs mottled brown on yellow-green with a violin-shaped lip; rockland hammocks; Collier, Dade, Monroe (not Keys] cos.; May to Aug, all year.
261. Oncidium luridum Lindl.
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America, northern South America 

 Long and Lakela, 337

Luer, 260-261

Small, 397,

as O. undulatum

Wunderlin, 239-240, as O.

undulatum

 mule-ear orchid

Cape Sable dancinglady

orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphytic; pseudobulb ca 1 cm long and concealed by 

bracts; one leaf, leathery, to 60 cm long and 12 cm wide; inflor to 2 m long; flrs golden-yellow mottled with reddish-brown, glossy (albino form: chartreuse); buttonwood hammocks, strand swamps, coastal berm; Collier, Dade and Monroe [incl. Keys] cos.; Dec-Jun.
262. Ophioglossum palmatum L.

FNA: Cheiroglossa palmata (L.) C. Presl
 
 
 

| Atlas FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America, Asia, Africa 

 FNA, 106, Cheiroglossa

Lakela and Long, 40-41

Long and Lakela, 71

Small: ferns, 368-369

Ward, 44-45

Wunderlin, 37

 hand fern Pteridophyta--

Ophioglossaceae;

adder's-tongue

family

 fern; lvs 2 or 3, pendent, flattened, with 2 to 6 or 7 elongated "fingers"; grows in bases of cabbage palm lvs in hydric hammocks, strand swamps; Brevard, Broward, Collier, Dade, (Highlands), Hillsborough, Indian River, 

Lee, Martin, Monroe [not Keys], Orange, Palm Beach, Pasco, Polk, Seminole, St. Lucie, (St. Johns) & Volusia cos.
263. Opuntia corallicola (Small) Werderm. in

Backeberg Atlas uses: O. corallicola (Small) Werderm.

[In 1998 Rule, listed as: Opuntia spinosissima (Martyn) P. Mill.]

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #33; Scurlock, p. 119 FL and West Indies 

 Benson, 531

Long and Lakela, 626

Small, 912, as Consolea

Wunderlin, 447, as O.

spinosissima

 semaphore cactus

semaphore pricklypear

 Cactaceae;

cactus family

 treelike; stems to 2 m tall, stems cylindrical; branches grow in one plane from the trunk (hence "semaphore'); copiously spiny, spines not barbed; flrs bright red, unfertilized flrs revert to vegetative branch; frts yellow; rocky hammocks, coastal barrens; Keys [Monroe Co].
264. Opuntia triacantha (Willd.) Sweet

See Internet: http://mobot.mobot.org/Pick/Search/pick.html
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL and West Indies 

 Benson, 429-430

Long and Lakela, 624

Small, 902, as O. abjecta

Wunderlin, 447-448, as 

O. triacanthos

 Keys Joe-jumper

3-spined prickly-pear

jumping prickly-pear

Spanish lady

 Cactaceae;

cactus family

 stems flattened, nearly prostrate, joints loosely attached, 4-8 X 3-4 cm; spines strongly barbed, circular (not flattened) in cx, 1-6 spines per areole; petals pale yellow; frts red or reddish-purple, tuberculate; coastal rock barrens, openings in rockland hammocks; Monroe Co. [Keys only]; May-Aug.
265. Oxypolis greenmanii Math. and Const.

synonym: O. filiformis (Walter) Britton ssp. greenmanii (Math. and Const.) Judd
 

endemic 

 Clewell, 506

Godfrey and Wooten II, 447- 

449

Ward, 46

Wunderlin, 470-471, as

O. filiformis

 giant water-dropwort

giant water cowbane

 Umbelliferae/

Apiaceae;

carrot family

 perennial herb; up to 2.5 m tall; reddish-purple pigments 

on stems and lvs; lvs phyllodial, unlobed, hollow, septate, to 4/10 m long; flrs in umbel, tiny, maroon; anthers white; acid swamps, shallow water of cypress ponds and 

flatwoods depressions; Bay, Calhoun, Gulf cos; Jul-Sep.
266. Pachysandra procumbens Michaux
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 107 KY, WVA, NC to FL and LA 

 Clewell, 258

Radford et al. 675

Small, 806

Ward, 47

Wunderlin, 409

 Allegheny spurge

Allegheny mountain

spurge

mountain spurge

 Buxaceae;

boxwood family

 stoloniferous herbs; up to 20 cm tall; lvs alternate, evergreen, thickish, with coarse teeth; flrs on spikes, basal flrs female, those at tip of spike are male, flrs without petals; rich calcareous woods on bluffs; Jackson Co.; Feb-Apr.
267. Panicum abscissum Swallen

| Atlas endemic 

 Hall, 260-261

Wunderlin, 119-120

 cut throat grass

cut-throat grass

 Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 perennial; lf sheaths appear like straight-razors: square at top with wedge-shaped "ears"; wet pinelands, seepage areas; Highlands, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach and Polk cos.; spring-fall.
268. Parnassia caroliniana Michaux 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin NC to FL 

 Clewell, 480

Godfrey and Wooten II, 210, 212

Small, 590

Wunderlin, 323

 Carolina grass-of-

Parnassus

brook parnassia

 Parnassiaceae;

parnassia family

Saxifragaceae;

saxifrage family

 perennial herb; lvs basal, ovate, to 6 cm long and wide; flrs solitary on long stalks, 5 sepals, 5 white petals with 11 or more conspicuous green veins, the lower pair of veins branched; petals not clawed; staminodia tapering to sharp tips; ovary green distally; flatwoods, bogs; Franklin and Liberty cos.; Oct-Dec.
269. Parnassia grandifolia DC.
 
 
 
 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 174; Chafin W VA, VA, west to MO, S to FL and TX 

 Clewell, 480

Godfrey and Wooten II, 210,

212

Radford et al., 522-523

Small, 590

Ward, 48-49

Wunderlin, 323

 grass-of-Parnassus

undine

largeleaf grass-of-

Parnassus

 Parnassiaceae;

parnassia family

Saxifragaceae;

saxifrage family

 as P. caroliniana except, lvs may be 8 cm long, 11 or fewer veins in petals, the lower pair of veins with few dead-end branches; petals not clawed; staminodia tips beadlike; ovary white; flatwood swamps, cypress, edge of blackwater streams, with white cedar; Franklin, Liberty, Marion and Putnam cos.; Nov-Jan.
270. Paronychia chartacea Fern.

Federal Register, threatened, 21 Jan 1987
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Small, 481, as

Nyachia pulvinata

SIDA 14(3):435-441

Wunderlin, 292

 papery whitlow-wort

paper nailwort

 Caryophyllaceae;

carnation family

 annual or short-lived perennial; to 10 cm tall, form bright green round mats; stems fork repeatedly; lvs opposite, scalelike, chartaceous (papery); flrs many, white, no petals, sepals less than 1 mm long; shores of karst lakes, scrub vegetation; Bay, (DeSoto), Highlands, Lake, Orange, Polk and Washington cos; Jun-Dec.
271. Passiflora multiflora L.
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 994-995

Long and Lakela, 619

Small, 896

Vanderplank, 128

Wunderlin, 443-444

 white-flowered

passionvine

oblong-leaved passion

vine

many-flowered passion

vine

 Passifloraceae; 

passion-flower

family

 vine, stems velvety with white hairs, old stems corky; petiole with pair sessile glands near blade; lvs oblong, unlobed or slightly lobed, to 10 cm long and 4 cm wide; flrs in fascicles of 2-6; sepals white, 4 mm long; petals white, linear, 3 mm long; corona in 2 series; berry globose, dark-blue to black, to 8 mm wide; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
272. Passiflora pallens Poepp. ex Masters
 
 
 
 

FL and West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 619

Small, 896

Wunderlin, 443-444

 pineland passionvine Passifloraceae;

passion-flower

family

 vine, glabrous; stipules lf-like, ovate to kidney-shaped; petiole with pair of stalked glands near blade; lvs ovate, 3-lobed, to 8 cm long; flrs axillary; sepals greenish-white, 20-30 cm long; no petals; berry ovoid, to 5 cm long, yellow when ripe; hammocks; Collier, Dade and Monroe [not Keys] cos.; all year.
273. Passiflora sexflora Juss.
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Long and Lakela, 619-620

Small, 896

Vanderplank, 157

Wunderlin, 443-444

 goat's foot leaf

passionvine

6-flowered passion 

flower

 Passifloraceae;

passion-flower

family

 vine, stems hairy; petioles without glands; lvs 2-3 lobed, to 8 cm long and 11 cm wide; flrs fascicled, 2-6 per node; flrs to 3 cm wide; sepals greenish white, petals white, to 1 cm long; corona in 2 series (outer: purple with white tips, inner: purple); berry, globose, 1 cm wide, hairy, greenish purple; hammocks; Dade Co.; all year.
274. Pavonia paludicola D.H. Nichols.

synonym: P. spicata Cav.
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 939-940

Godfrey and Wooten II, 321

Long and Lakela, 592-593

Small, 854, as Malache

scabra

Wunderlin, 430-431

 swampbush

mangrove mallow

 Malvaceae;

mallow family

 shrub, to 3 m tall, stellate hairs; petioles to 8 cm long; lvs ovate to elliptic-ovate, to 15 cm long, cordate at base, acuminate at tips; flrs in racemes; bracteoles 6 to 10, separate; calyx 5-lobed; petals 5, greenish yellow, to 3 cm long; capsule with 5 parts, each keeled and with 2 short beaks; mangroves, seashore marshes; Collier, Dade and Monroe [not Keys] cos.; all year.
275. Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link
 
 
 
 

Ontario, Quebec, south to FL, TX, NM, AZ, Mexico, Central America 

 Clewell, 48

FNA, 185

Radford et al., 18

Small: ferns, 134-136

Wunderlin, 41

 a cliff brake fern

hairy cliff-brake fern

purple cliff-brake

 Pteridophyta--

Pteridaceae;

maidenhair fern 

family

 fern; evergreen; on rocks; petiole and rachis reddish-

purple to black and with crisped hairs; lvs leathery, vary: simple, trifoliate compound, sterile lvs shorter and less divided than fertile ones; lv segment margins form false indusia which conceal the long-stalked sporangia with 32 spores; Washington co; summer and fall.
276. Peperomia amplexicaulis (Swartz) A. Dietr.

[See Bell and Taylor, 64, for P. simplex.] Jamaica, FL 

 Boufford, 1982, in J.

Arnold Arbor. 63:

317-325

Wunderlin, 250- not native

 clasping peperomia 

Jackie's saddle

 Piperaceae;

pepper family

 vine; lvs narrowly to broadly oblanceolate, sessile to subsessile, auriculate and more-or-less clasping; similar to P. magnoliifolia; Dade Co. (extirpated?).
277. Peperomia glabella (Swartz) A. Dietr.

FL and tropical America 

 Correll and Correll, 406

Long and Lakela, 343

Wunderlin, 250- not native

 cypress peperomia Piperaceae;

pepper family

 epiphyte; stems climbing, succulent, with divergent branches; plant covered with black dots; lvs less than 10 cm long, conspicuously 3-veined; hammocks, sloughs; Collier Co. (extirpated?); Dec-Mar.
278. Peperomia humilis A. Dietr.
 
 

| Chafin FL and West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 343

Small, 400-401, as

Micropiper

Wunderlin, 250-251

 peperomia

low peperomia

 Piperaceae;

pepper family

 terrestrial (or epiphyte); stems hairy, often reddish; frts not crowded on the spike; maritime hammocks, upland hardwood; swamp; Brevard, Citrus, Collier, Dade, Duval, Hernando, Indian River, Martin, Monroe [not Keys], Polk, St. Lucie, Sumter and Volusia cos.; Aug-Jun.
279. Peperomia magnoliifolia (Jacq.) A. Dietr.

synonym: P. spathulifolia
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Panama to Venezuela 

 Correll and Correll, 406

Long and Lakela, 343

Small, 401-402, as

Rhynchophorum

Ward, 49

Wunderlin, 250-251

 spathulate peperomia

spoonleaf peperomia

 Piperaceae;

pepper family

 epiphyte; stout stems, branches elongated and vine-like; lvs to 10 cm long, flrs on cylindric spike; grows far above ground in upper branches of oaks. Similar to P. obtusifolia: lacks microscopic hairs on peduncle; beak on fruit is hooked at middle (vs. at apex) and is subulate from a 

broad base (vs. filiform). Hattie Bauer and Burden's (Murden?) Hammocks in Dade Co. (extirpated?); all year.
280. Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr.

synonym: P. floridana Small 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL, West Indies, tropical America

 Correll and Correll, 406-407

Long and Lakela, 343

Small, 401, as

Rhynchophorum

Ward, 49

Wunderlin, 250-251

 Florida peperomia Piperaceae; 

pepper family

 epiphyte; stems stout with elongate branches, often vinelike; lvs to 15 cm long, narrowly obovate; spikes erect; SEE P. magnoliifolia; rockland hammocks, strand swamps; Brevard, Collier, Dade, Indian River and Monroe [not Keys] cos.; all year.
281. Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Kunth

Atlas uses: Pharus lappalaceus Aubl.
 
 
 
 
 

|Atlas     FL, West Indies, Central America, South America, tropical Africa, Madagascar, Comoros

 Adams, Flowering Plants of Jamaica, 207, 1969

Gann et al., Rare Plants of South Florida 293-294, 2002

Howard, Flora of the Lesser Antilles 4: 21, 1988

Leon an dAlain, Flora de Cuba 2: 23, 1951

Liogier, Descriptive Flora of Puerto Rico 1: 26-27, 1985

Standley and Steyermark, Fl. Guatemala 3:268-269, 1952

round peperomia

yerba linda

yerba de medio real

nowo kako

 Piperaceae;

pepper family/

Peperomiaceae;

peperomia family

viny perennial herb with slender, creeping, glabrous or puberulent, much-branched stems; lvs alternate, sparsely pubescent, thick, orbicular to elliptic or obovate, to 15 mm long and 12 mm wide, sparsely black-dotted beneath; flrs in terminal erect spikes 2-4 cm long and 1 mm thick; on pop ash and cocoplum trees in strand swamp; Collier Co.; Feb- Aug (in Jamaica).
282. Pharus glaber Kunth

Atlas uses: Pharus lappalaceus Aubl.
 
 
 
 
 

FL and tropical America 

 Judziewicz and Guala,

in press

Small, 92, as P.

parvifolius (not same

species?)

Wunderlin, 73-74, 127

 creeping leafstalk grass Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass gamily

 perennial; stems creeping and rooting at nodes, 10 to 35 inches tall; lvs 2½-10 inches long, ¾ -2¼" wide, tips elongated, pseudopetiole conspicuous and twisted; seedhead a panicle with a terminal bristle; spikelets in pairs, very tiny and stalked, almost sessile, lemma 2X as long as glumes, hairy , hairs towards end of grain are hooked; dry woods and rocky hammocks; Citrus and Polk cox.; fall.
283. Phoradendron rubrum (L.) Griseb.

[See Bell and Taylor, 121, for P. serotinum.] FL and West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 433

Long and Lakela, 366

Ward, 104-105

Wunderlin,, 267

 mahogany mistletoe

narrow-leaved mistletoe

 Viscaceae;

mistletoe family

 parasitic on West Indian mahogany; shrub; young branches 4-angled; 2 to 4 catophylls (bracts) at the base of each branch; frts lemon yellow to orange; rockland hammocks; Monroe Co. [Keys only] (extirpated?); frts Feb-May.
284. Phyla stoechadifolia (L.) Small
 
 
 
 
 
 

[See Taylor, 91; Bell and Taylor, 243, for P. nodiflora.] FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 Correll and Correll, 1240-1241

Godfrey and Wooten II, 588

Long and Lakela, 742, as

Lippia

Small, 1140

Wunderlin, 523-524

 southern matchsticks

marsh phyla

southern frogfruit

 Verbenaceae;

vervain family

 shrubby with vine-like arching branches; lvs to 6 cm long, linear-lanceolate, toothed to the base, veins deeply impressed; flrs in dense globose or elongated heads, axillary; calyx 2-lobed; petals white aging purplish, ca. 4 mm long; frts, ca. 2 mm long, flat, notched at tips; glades, low pineland, swamps; Broward and Dade cos.; all year.
285. Phyllanthus liebmannianus Muell.-Arg.

ssp. liebmannianus is from Mexico 

ssp. platylepis (Small) Webster -our plants; endemic.

| Atlas

 Godfrey and Wooten, II-278

Small, 779

Ward, 152-153

Wunderlin, 405-406

 pine-wood dainties

Florida leafflower

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 perennial herb; thickened root; lvs alternate, sessile; flrs in axillary cluster, inconspicuous; floodplain forest, wet hammocks, wet flatwoods; Dixie, Levy and Taylor cos.; May-Jul.
286. Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas [Note: although widespread, this species is not common.] 

Que, MN, SD, CO, south to NC, TN, AR, GA, FL 

 Clewell, 469

Godfrey, 565-567

Godfrey and Wooten II, 219-

220

Radford et al., 555-556

Small, 607

Wunderlin, 329

 ninebark Rosaceae;

rose family

 shrub to 3 m tall; bark peels and shreds; lvs to 7 cm long, usually with 3 lobes and 3 main veins, toothed; flrs in terminal clusters, petals 5, white, 5-7 mm long; stream banks, bluffs; Calhoun and Jackson cos.; Apr-Jun.
287. Picramnia pentandra Sw.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas;Chafin; Nelson, plate #142 FL, West Indies, South America 

 Correll and Correll, 740-742

Long and Lakela, 518

Small, 763

Wunderlin, 387

 Florida bitterbush

snake-root

bitterbush

 Picramniaceae;

picramnia family

or

Simaroubaceae; 

quassia family

 shrub or tree, to 10 m tall; lflets 5-9, ovate or elliptic, to 10 cm long, glossy above, fine appressed hairs below eventually lost; separate and flowers, 5 tiny sepals, 5 tiny petals, 5 stamens; berries globose to obovoid, red becoming black, to 15 mm long; coastal hammocks; Dade Co.; winter, spring. 
288. Pilosocereus bahamensis (Britt.) Byles and 

G.D. Rowley 

FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1002, as

Cephalocereus

bahamensis

Wunderlin does not list; 

however, Atlas does list.

 Bahamian treecactus Cactaceae;

cactus family

 columnar, to 4 m tall, to 20 cm thick at base; dull green; flowering areoles without wool or wool much shorter than the flowers, without short barbed bristles but with 15-20 spines; flrs short-campanulate, petals white, style exserted; frt smooth; rockland hammock; Key Largo [Monroe Co.] . 
289. Pinguicula ionantha Godfrey

Federal Register, threatened, 12 July 1993
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 419

Godfrey and Wooten, II:

678, 680 

Wunderlin, 564

 Panhandle butterwort

violet butterwort

 Lentibulariaceae;

bladderwort family

 terrestrial, perennial herbs, carnivorous; flat basal rosette with glandular lvs bright green; flrs with lobes longer than wide, uniformly light violet to white and with a ring of deeper violet around the tube entrance, yellow palate exserted; flatwoods, bogs, shallow water; Bay, Franklin, Gulf, Liberty and Wakulla cos.; Feb-Apr.
290. Pinguicula primuliflora Wood and Godfrey
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

MS, AL, GA, FL 

 Clewell, 420

Godfrey and Wooten, II:

678-679

Wunderlin, 564

 primrose-flowered

butterwort

southern butterwort

 Lentibulariaceae;

bladderwort family

 terrestrial, perennial herbs, carnivorous; basal rosette with glandular lvs bright green and with enrolled margins, plantlets arise from tips of older lvs; flrs with lobes broad as long, ring of white above the throat, outer ¾ of corolla violet, tube yellow with reddish veins; shallow water, swamps, boggy banks and seepage heads of streams, dense to partial shade; Bay, Escambia, Holmes, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington cos.; Feb-Apr.
291. Pisonia rotundata Griseb.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Scurlock, p. 125 FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 496-497

Long and Lakela, 390-391

Small, 489

Wunderlin, 285

 devil's smooth claws

cockspur

smooth devils' claws

 Nyctaginaceae;

four-o'clock

family

 shrub, pale bark, no thorns; lvs opposite, obovate or elliptic-ovate, tips blunt (sometimes with mucro), to 9 cm long; cyme 2-6 cm wide, many flrs; flrs 2-3 mm long and 3-4 mm long; frt club shaped, 5-6 mm long with 5 rows of short-stalked glands; hammocks, pinelands; Keys (Monroe Co.).
292. Pityopsis flexuosa (Nash) Small

Cronquist uses Chrysopsis flexuosa Nash.

USDA uses Heterotheca flexuosa (Nash) Harms.

[See Taylor, 186; Bell and Taylor, 260, for P. graminifolia.] endemic 

 Clewell, 320

Cronquist, 114

Small, 1341

Wunderlin, 642

 Florida golden-aster

bent golden-aster

zigzag silkgrass

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Astereae.

 perennial; fibrous-rooted; to 6/10 m tall, stem zigzag; stem and basal lvs about equal in shape and length; several heads, about 13 rays; sandy oak and pine woods; Franklin, Gadsden, Leon, Liberty and Wakulla cos.; Sep-Nov.
293. Platanthera clavellata (Michaux) Luer

synonym: Habenaria clavellata Michaux
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin Newfoundland to Ontario and MN, south to FL and TX 

 Clewell, 187

Godfrey and Wooten I, 643-

644, 647

Luer, 148-149

Radford et al., 339

Small, 374, as

Gymnadeniopsis

Wunderlin, 240

 green rein orchid

little club-spur orchid

small green wood

orchid

frog-spike

green wood orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 35 cm tall; single leaf, to 15 cm long, keeled, attached at middle of stem; inflor. a terminal raceme; greenish flrs rotated about 100 thus with lip perpendicular on one side and swollen nectary balancing on other, spurs usually clavate (may be cylindrical); spring banks, floodplain forests; Calhoun, Gadsden and (Santa Rosa) cos.; Jun-Aug.
294. Platanthera integra (Nutt.) A. Gray ex Beck

synonym: Habenaria integra
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas NJ, DE south to FL and TX and north to TN 

 Clewell, 187

Godfrey and Wooten I, 640,

642

Luer, 144-145

Radford et al., 337

Small, 373-374, as 

Gymnadeniopsis

Wunderlin, 240-241

 orange rein orchid

yellow fringeless orchid

frog-arrow

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 60 cm tall; lvs sheath the stem, largest lowest, others reduced to become bracts; inflor terminal raceme with 40 to 60 flrs; flrs saffron yellow, lip not fringed (merely crenulate), nor 3-parted; swampy meadows, boggy depressions in wet woods; Calhoun, Duval, Escambia, Franklin, Gulf, Highlands, Jackson, Liberty, Nassau, Okaloosa, Orange, Osceola, Santa Rosa, Wakulla, Walton and Washington cos.; Jul-Sep.
295. Pleopeltis astrolepis (Liebm.) E. Fourn.
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 325

Ward, 49-50, as P. revoluta

Wunderlin, 46-47 , as P.

revoluta

First found in FL 1977

 star-scale fern

star-scale polypody

 Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 epiphytic fern; lv blades simple, to 20 cm long and 2 cm wide, weakly hygroscopic; lower surface scales scattered, less than 0.5 mm wide, deeply fringed and appear stellate; sori oval in single row on each side of midrib; in swamps on pond apple; Broward (and Palm Beach) cos. (extirpated?)
296. Pleurothallis gelida Lindl.
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Luer, 184-185

Small, 389

Wunderlin, 241

 frosted orchid

flor de llanten

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; lv single, to 20 cm long, leathery, bright green, keeled; inflor a slender raceme with 5 to 25 flrs; flrs on down-arching pedicels, yellowish, coated with whitish pubescence (=frosted); on pop-ash, custard-apple and cypress in swamp hammocks; Collier and Lee cos.; Dec-Apr.
297. Podophyllum peltatum L.
 
 

| Atlas Quebec to MN, south to TX and FL 

 Clewell, 253

Radford et al., 470-471

Small, 544

Ward, 153

Wunderlin, 303

 mayapple

mandrake 

ground lemon

umbrella-leaf

 Berberidaceae; 

barberry family 

Podophyllaceae;

mayapple family

 herbaceous rhizomatous perennial; one lf when young, 2 lvs when older, peltate, orbicular, deeply lobed, to 34 cm broad; single flr to 5 cm wide, nodding, 6 sepals, 6-9 white petals; berry yellow, edible pulp, poisonous seeds and lvs; hammocks and bluffs; Jackson Co.; Mar-Apr. 
298. Poinsettia pinetorum Small

Kartesz: Euphorbia pinetorum (Small) G. L. Webster

[See Taylor, 207-298; Bell and Taylor, 105-106, for other Poinsettia spp.]

FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 545

Small, 803

Wunderlin, 406-407

 Everglades poinsettia

pineland spurge

 Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 herb; to 1 m tall; lvs alternate, linear, less than 6 mm wide; upper blades red blotched near the base; sandy marshes, pine rocklands; Dade, Monroe and Palm Beach cos.
299. Polygala lewtonii Small

Federal Register, 18 March 1993
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; Taylor, p. 254 endemic 

 Small, 770

Ward, 50-51

Wunderlin, 388-390

 Lewton's polygala Polygalaceae;

milkwort family

 perennial; up to 20 cm tall; lvs small; flrs of two kinds: normal up to 4 mm long, with 2 wing-like petaloid sepals purplish, pinkish-purple corolla's lower petal fringed and cleistogamous tiny, non-opening ones at the base of the plant; white sand, scrub vegetation; on Central Florida Ridge, Highlands, Lake, Marion, Orange, Osceola and Polk cos.; Feb-May.
300. Polygala smallii R.R.Sm. and Ward 

Endangered Species Act: 1973; Federal Register, 18 July 1985
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Small, 773-773, as 

P. arenicola

Ward, 51-52

Wunderlin, 388-391

 tiny polygala Polygalaceae;

milkwort family

 biennial; up to 4 cm tall; rosette of entire, spatulate lvs; flrs are grouped together in dense cluster, flrs are green to yellowish green (dry same color); lower petal is fringed; seed are 1.9-2.3 mm long; sandy pockets in pine rocklands, Ceratiola scrub, sandhills; Broward, Dade, Martin, Palm Beach and St. Lucie cos.; Mar-May.
301. Polygonella basiramia (Small) Nesom and

Bates

Federal Register, 21 Jan 1987

synonym: Polygonella ciliata Meisn. var. basiramia (Small) Horton.

| Chafin; Taylor, p. 43 endemic 

 Small, 451

Wunderlin, 271

 wireweed

purple wireweed

Florida jointweed

 Polygonaceae;

buckwheat family

 annual or short-lived perennial; branches to form a cluster of 7 to 30 stems to 8/10 m tall; hairlike lvs; tips of branches with clusters of small white flrs; white sand in sand pine and rosemary scrub of Lake Wales Ridge and Avon Park AF Range; Highlands and Polk cos.; Sep-Oct.
302. Polygonella myriophylla (Small) Horton

Federal Register, 27 April 1993

| Atlas; Chafin endemic 

 Small, 450

Wunderlin,271-272 

 sand lace

woody wireweed

Small's jointweed

 Polygonaceae;

buckwheat family

 shrub, much branched; prostrate; lvs persistent; stigma and style 0.5-0.8 mm long; scrub; Highlands, Orange, 

Osceola and Polk cos.; Apr-Nov.
303. Polygonum meisnerianum Cham. and Schlecht.

Fl specimens belong to var. beyrichianum (C.and S.) Meisn.
 

FL, SC, LA, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Clewell, 456

Godfrey and Wooten II, 76,

78

Ward, 153-154

Wunderlin, 273-274

 Mexican tear-thumb

branched tear-thumb

 Polygonaceae;

buckwheat family

 herbaceous perennial; about ½ m tall, but reclines and roots, stem with ribs bearing hooks or barbs which will rip; lvs alternate, with eared, sessile bases, flrs white or pinkish; floodplain forest, shallow water at edge of lakes; Alachua, Jefferson and Leon cos.; Jun-Oct.
304. Polymnia laevigata Beadle
 
 

| Atlas TN, MO, Al, GA, FL 

 Clewell, 321

Cronquist, 75-76

Small, 1407

Wunderlin, 643

 Tennessee leaf-cup Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 perennial herb; stem glabrous; lvs opposite, to 30 cm long; single series of involucral bracts; disks to 13 mm wide; achenes 4-6 ribbed and angled; calcareous hammocks; Jackson Co.; May.
305. Polypodium dispersum A.M. Evans

[In 1998 Rule, listed as: Pecluma dispersa (A.M. Evans) M.G. Price]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America to Brazil 

 FNA, 314-315, as Pecluma

Long and Lakela, 80-82

Wunderlin, 46, as Pecluma

 widespread polypody Pteridophyta-

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 fern; epiphytic or on rocks; short-creeping stems; petiole scales deltoid to linear; lvs to 70 cm long, without peltate scales, narrowly ovate, pectinate, segments at base of blade abruptly reduced and reflexed; sori round or oval, sporaangia with 32 spores; hammocks; Alachua, Brevard, Citrus, Dade (extirpated?) Hernando, Hillsborough, Marion, Martin, Monroe [incl. Keys] (extirpated?), Pasco, Sumter and Volusia cos.; spores all year.
306. Polypodium plumula Humb. and Bonpl. ex Willd.

[In 1998 Rule, listed as Pecluma plumula (Kunth) M.G. Price]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America to Brazil 

 FNA, 314, as Pecluma

Long and Lakela, 80

Small: fern, 73-75

Wunderlin, 46, as Pecluma

 plume polypody Pteridophyta-

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family 

 fern; epiphytic or on rocks; short-creeping stems; petiole scales ovate to cordate, inflated; lvs to 50 cm long, lacks peltate scales, linear-elliptic, segments linear, segments at base of blade abruptly reduced, but not deflexed; sori round, sporangia with 54 spored; hammocks; Brevard, Citrus, Dade, (DeSoto), Duval, Flagler, Hardee, Hernando, Hillsborough, Lake, Marion, Martin, Monroe [not Keys], Orange, Pasco, Polk, Seminole, St. Johns, Sumter and Volusia cos.; spores all year.
307. Polypodium ptilodon Kunze

[In 1998 Rule, listed as Pecluma ptilodon (Kunze) M.G. Price]
 

US ones: P. ptilodon var. caespitosum (Jenman) Lellinger

synonym: Polypodium pectinatum L.
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America

 FNA, 314

Long and Lakela, 80

Small: ferns, 75-77

Wunderlin, 46

 swamp plume polypody  Pteridophyta--

Polypodiaceae;

polypody family

 fern; epiphytic or on rocks; short-creeping stems; petiole scales threadlike to absent; lvs to 90 cm long, without peltate scales, lanceolate, segments lanceolate, segments at base of blade reduced to "ears"; sori with dense hairs around them, sporangia with 64 spores; hammocks, swamps; Brevard, Broward, Citrus, Collier, Dade, Duval, Hardee, Hernando, Highlands, Hillsborough, Lake, Manatee, Marion, Martin, Orange, Osceola, Pasco, Pinellas, Polk, Putnam, Seminole, Sumter and Volusia cos.; spores all year.
308. Polyrrhiza lindenii (Lindl.) Cogn. in Urban

[In the 1998 rule, listed as Polyradicion lindenii (Lindl.) Garay]
 

FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 328

Luer, 277-279

Small, 398-399

Wunderlin, 241, as

Polyradicion

 ghost orchid

palm Polly

white butterfly orchid

albino frog orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; nearly stemless; leafless; roots extensive, with chlorophyll; flrs white with two long "tails"; on shrubs and trees in maritime hammocks, river swamps and wet forests; Collier, Dade (extirpated?), Hendry, Lee, and Monroe [not Keys] cos.; May-Sep.
309. Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay and Sweet

synonyms: P. flavescens (Lindl.) J.J. Smith; P. luteola (Sw.) Hook.
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Asia 

 Correll and Correll, 386-387

Long and Lakela, 328, as P. 

extinctoria

Luer, 221-223

Small, 393, as P. minuta

Wunderlin, 241

 pale-flowered

polystachya

greater yellowspike 

orchid

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; to 56 cm tall; lvs sheathed, keeled, to 32 cm long and 3 cm wide, white margins; inflor terminal, branched, to 60 flrs; flrs not resupinate, glossy, yellow to greenish-yellow, appear hooded due to the curved lateral sepals; strand swamps; Broward, Collier, Dade, DeSoto, Hardee, Highlands, Lee, Martin and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
310. Ponthieva brittoniae Ames

synonym: Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) Mohr var. brittoniae (Ames) Luer
 
 
 

FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 388-390

Long and Lakela, 314

Luer, 82, 87

Small, 380

Wunderlin, 242

 Mrs. Britton's shadow-

witch orchid

Britton's shadowwitch

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 30 cm tall; lvs in basal rosette, 3 to 5, to 8 cm long and 3 cm wide, not present when flowering; inflor a terminal raceme with up to 20 flrs; flrs not resupinate, greenish-white, petals longer than wide, (lacks the green veining of P. racemosa), lateral sepals cocked acutely upwards ("hands-over-head effect"); pine rocklands; Collier, Dade and Sarasota cos.; Dec-Feb.
311. Potamogeton floridanus Small
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 191

Small, 16

Wunderlin, 66

 Florida pondweed Potamogetonaceae;

pond weed family

 herb growing in water; lvs alternate, free from stipules; floating lvs narrowly elliptic, 4-7 cm long; submerged lvs lack blades, less than 3 mm wide; flowering spikes 1-2 cm long; Blackwater River; Santa Rosa Co.
312. Prescotia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl. 
 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 390, 349

Long and Lakela, 314

Luer, 84, 87

Small, 379

Wunderlin, 242

 small-flowered orchid Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 30 cm tall; roots thick and fleshy; lvs 1 to 3, basal, to 7 cm long and 4 cm wide, small bracts on stem; inflor terminal raceme with up to 50 flrs; flrs not resupinate, ca. 1 mm, drab until viewed with magnification, white or pinkish; rockland hammocks; Dade and Lee cos.; Feb.
313. Prunus geniculata Harper

Federal Register, 21 Jan 1987
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Taylor, p. 55 endemic 

 Small, 649

Ward, 53-54

Wunderlin, 330

 scrub plum Rosaceae;

rose family

 shrub; densely branched, zigzag twigs with stout spine 

tips; lvs to 1.5 cm long, fine teeth; flrs on spur shoots, rose-red calyx, white petals, 3 mm long; frts 2 cm wide plums; sand pine scrub of Central Florida Ridge; Highlands, Lake Orange and Polk cos.; Feb-Mar.
314. Pseudophoenix sargentii Wendl. ex Sarg.
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; Scurlock, p. 130 FL, West Indies, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 257

Long and Lakela, 242

Small, 238

Ward, 54-55

Wunderlin, 181

 buccaneer palm

Sargent's cherry palm

hog palm

datelet

dummy-date

hog cabbage palm

 Palmae/

Arecaceae;

palm family

 tree; to 8 m tall; trunk gray-green with conspicuous rings; lvs to 3 m long, lflets v-shaped at base and up to ½ m long, with threads dangling from the margins; frts bright red, 2 cm wide; rocklands hammocks near sea level on limestone or sand where protected from wind; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
315. Psychotria ligustrifolia (Northrup) Millsp.
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; Scurlock, p. 133 FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1411-1412

Long and Lakela, 799-800

Small, 1261, as P.

bahamensis

Wunderlin, 581

 Bahama wild coffee

smooth wild coffee

 Rubiaceae;

madder family

 shrub, to 2 m tall, smooth stems; lvs opposite, to 12 cm long, lanceolate to oblanceolate, acuminate tips; axillary cymes or panicles; sepals with deltoid lobes; petals united into 4 mm long tube, white; drupe red, 5 mm long; hammocks, pineland; Dade Co. and Monroe Co. [Keys only]; spring.
316. Remirea maritima Aubl.

synonym: Cyperus pedunculatus (R. Br.) J. Kern.
 

| Atlas FL, West Indies, Old World 

 Godfrey and Wooten I, 400

Long and Lakela, 226

Small, 187-188

Ward, 55-56

Wunderlin, 159, as Cyperus

 beach-star

junco de playa

 Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 perennial herb; creeping rhizome rooting at joints and with stems arising also; lvs numerous, crowded; flrs inconspicuous; coastal dunes; Broward, Dade, Indian River, Martin, Palm Beach and (St. Lucie) cos.; Jul-Nov.
317. Rhexia parviflora Chapman
 
 

endemic 

 Clewell, 431

Godfrey and Wooten II, 364,

366

Small, 927

Wunderlin, 457

 Apalachicola meadow

beauty

 Melastomataceae;

melastoma family

 herbs; stem not hairless; lvs opposite; flrs with urn-shaped base, white petals; 8 stamens, anthers 5-11 mm long, curved; margins of open cypress swamps, with Hypericum; Bay, Calhoun, Franklin, Gulf, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and Walton cos.; Jun-Aug.
318. Rhipsalis baccifera (J. Miller) Stearn

| Chafin

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America, tropical Africa, Sri Lanka 

 Long and Lakela, 627

Small, 913

Wunderlin, 448

 mistletoe cactus

pencil cactus

 Cactaceae;

cactus family

 epiphytes; stems round, forms dense masses 1 m or more long; fleshy, pale green; flrs solitary, white; frts white or pink; on mangroves and button wood in tidal swamps; Dade, Monroe [not Keys] (extirpated?), Seminole (escaped) cos.
319. Rhododendron alabamense Rehder

(Hybridizes with R. canescens)
 

| Atlas, Chafin TN, AL, GA, FL 

 Clewell, 531

Godfrey, 260-262

Small, 996

Wunderlin, 478

 Alabama azalea Ericaceae;

heath family

 shrub, stoloniferous, to 4 m tall; lvs emerge before flrs, lvs not lepidote; flrs white with yellow blotch, lemon scented, narrow tube, calyx with sticky glands; stamens 5; hammocks; Jefferson and Leon cos. Apr. 
320. Rhododendron austrinum (Small) Rehder
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #34 Taylor, p. 307 GA, AL, FL 

 Clewell, 351

Godfrey, 262-264

Small, 995

Ward, 106-107

Wunderlin, 478

 Florida flame azalea

orange azalea

 Ericaceae;

heath family

 shrub, not stoloniferous; lvs emerge after the flrs, lvs with soft hairs beneath; flrs yellow to orange, red, or orange-red, fragrant, tube glandular; 5 stamens; winter buds hairy; forested bluffs, hammocks, floodplains; Baker, Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Holmes, Jackson, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton and Washington cos.; Mar-Apr.
321. Rhododendron chapmanii Gray

Federal Register, 24 Apr 1979

Godfrey and Wunderlin use R. minus (Michaux) var. chapmanii

(Gray) Duncan and Pullen.

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 85; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #24 endemic 

 Clewell, 351

Godfrey, 265-267

Godfrey and Wooten II, 473

Small, 998

Ward, 57-58

Wunderlin, 478

 Chapman's

rhododendron

rose-bay

 Ericaceae;

heath family

 shrub, evergreen; to 2 m tall; lvs oval, entire margins, scurfy-dotted; flrs in terminal clusters, rose pink, ca. 3 cm long; 10 stamens; pine flatwoods and borders of titi swamps; Clay, Gadsden, Franklin , Gulf, Leon and Liberty cos.; Mar-Apr.
322. Rhus michauxii Sargent

Federal Register, 28 Sept 1989

[probably not extant in FL]

[See Taylor, 149; Bell and Taylor, 131, for R. copallina.] NC, SC, GA, ?FL 

 Radford et al., 678

Recovery Plan (1993)

Wunderlin, 410

 Michaux's sumac

false poison sumac

 Anacardiaceae;

cashew family

 shrub; rhizomatous, to 1 m tall; entire plant densely pubescent; lvs cpd, 9 to 13 sessile lflets which are evenly serrate; flrs greenish-yellow in terminal cluster, dioecious plants; frts red; sandy or rocky open woods on acidic 

soils; Alachua Co.; June; frts Aug-Sep. Extirpated?
323. Rhynchosia swartzii (Vail) Urban
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 Correll and Correll, 686

Isely, 105

Long and Lakela, 473-474

Small, 713, as Dolicholus

Wunderlin, 370

 Swartz' snoutbean

bonaney-bean

 Leguminosae/

Fabaceae;

legume family

Papilionoideae;

pea subfamily

 woody vine, twining; lvs trifoliate, lflets to 6 cm long, terminal one largest; racemes shorter than petioles (to 2 cm); calyx to 3 mm long; corolla yellow, standard 8 mm long, resin dotted; legume curved, to 3 cm long, 7 mm wide; seeds bright red; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
324. Rhynchospora crinipes Gale
 
 
 
 

[See Taylor, 28-29, for other Rhynchospora spp.] FL and AL 

 Rhodora 46:132, 173-174

Godfrey and Wooten I, 385,

includes in R. filifolia

Wunderlin, 172

 hairy peduncled 

beakrush

mosquito beaksedge

Alabama beakrush
 

 Cyperaceae; 

sedge family

 herb, clumped, languid habit; basal lvs 2 mm wide; stems to 7.5 cm tall; differs from R. filifolia by the achene stipe (stalk): 0.6 mm long, persistent, clothed with tangle of white, ascending hairs; roadsides, ditches, pond borders;

Bay, Gulf, Liberty, Okaloosa and Santa Rosa cos.
325. Rhynchospora megaplumosa E. Bridges & Orzell
 
 
 
 

 endemic

 Lundellia 3: 19-25, 2000

Kral, FNA 23: 218-219, 2002* *

hairy-spikelet beakrush

longbristle beaksedge

Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 perennial herb, clumped, to 0.6(-0.9) m tall; leaves mostly basal, wiry, involute above, shorter than stem, to 0.2-0.3 m long; spikelets in 1(-2) dense terminal cluster(s), light golden brown, narrowly lanceolate, 8-10 mm long; achene obovoid, horizontally ridged, the body 1.5-2 mm long and the conical tubercle 0.5-0.7 mm long; perianth bristles 6, plumose in lower half, much longer than achene (5-7.5 mm long), bending outward and pushing away scales; scrubby flatwoods; Hillsborough, Manatee and Polk cos.; Mar-Nov.
326. Ribes echinellum (Coville) Rehder

Federal Register, threatened, 18 July 1985
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL and McCormick Co., SC 

 Clewell, 481

Godfrey, 649-650

Radford et al., 520-521

Small, 603

Ward, 58-59

Wunderlin, 324

 Miccosukee gooseberry

Florida gooseberry

South Carolina

gooseberry

McCormick gooseberry

 Grossulariaceae;

currant family Or,

Saxifragaceae;

saxifrage family

 shrub; branches root at tips; stem with sharp spines about 

1 cm long, lvs with lobes (like a sugar-maple), with long petiole, lvs shed in summer, emerge in fall and overwinter; flrs single in lf axils, with long stalks: stamens 1 cm longer than petals; long hairs on floral tube become spines in fruits; Gadsden and Jefferson (on shore of Lake Miccosukee) cos.; Mar. 
327. Roystonea elata (Bartram) F. Harper

Zona (1997): R. regia (Kunth) O.F. Cook [See Taxon 45:671-681],

Harvard Papers in Botany Vol 2 (1): 71-107.
 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 43; Chafin; DPI poster, plate #4; Scurlock, p. 142 endemic 

 Long and Lakela, 242

Small, 238

Ward, 155-156

Wunderlin, 181, as

R. regia

 Florida royal palm Palmae/

Arecaceae;

palm family

 tree; columnar trunk to 40 m tall, with bright green column at top composed of sheathing lf bases (only sheath of oldest leaf is visible, since it encircles the others); lvs feather-like, to 9 m long, recurved crosswise; cultivated; rockland hammocks, shell middens, strand swamp; Collier, Dade, (Monroe) and Palm Beach cos.
328. Rudbeckia nitida Nuttall

[var. nitida]
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL to TX 

 Clewell, 323

Cronquist, 27

Godfrey and Wooten II, 756

Wunderlin, 645-646

 St John's Susan

shiny coneflower

 Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 perennial, fibrous-roots, to 1.3 m tall; stems and lvs hairless; lvs unlobed, midstem lvs 8-15 cm long, veins conspicuous; discs florets light reddish-brown, rays yellow, drooping, about 2.5 cm long; moist flatwoods, prairies, roadside ditches; Baker, Bay, Clay, Gulf, Manatee, Marion and St. Johns cos.; May-Jul.
329. Rudbeckia triloba L.

Ours are var. pinnatiloba Torr. and A. Gray
 

species: CT to MI, IO, NB s to FL and TX 

var. pinnatiloba: NC, FL 

 Clewell, 323

Cronquist, 25-26

Radford et al., 1108-1109

Small, 1426, as R.

pinnatiloba

Wunderlin, 646

 browneyed Susan Compositae/

Asteraceae;

daisy family

tribe: Heliantheae.

 short lived perennial, to 1.5 m tall; stems and lvs hairy; some lvs divided almost to the midrib, to 5 cm long; discs florets darkpurple, disk hemispheric or ovoid, 1-1.5 cm wide; rays yellow but may be orange toward base, 1-2 cm long (rarely to 2.5); disturbed sites with calcareous soil; Jackson and Levy cos.; May-Sept.
330. Ruellia noctiflora (Nees) A. Gray
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL, GA to MS 

 Clewell, 239

Godfrey and Wooten II, 708

Small, 1229

Ward, 107-108

Wunderlin, 571-572

 night-flowering ruellia

night-blooming wild-

petunia

 Acanthaceae;

acanthus family

 herb; to 30 cm tall; hairy; lvs to 7 cm long; corolla blue 

or white, to 8 cm long; capsule to 22 mm long; wet flatwoods, seepage slopes; Clay, Duval, Franklin, Gulf, Jackson, (Lee), Liberty, Nassau, St. Johns and Wakulla cos.; May-Aug.
331. Salix eriocephala Michaux

mostly a northern species, it is disjunct in S GA, S AL and FL 

| Atlas AL, GA, FL 

 Argus, 128-134

Clewell, 477, as S. rigida

Godfrey, 624-625

Small, 414, as Salix cordata

Wunderlin, 252

 heart-leaved willow Salicaceae;

willow family

 shrub; to 6 m tall; branches reddish brown; lvs up to 13 cm X 3.6 cm, base heart-shaped, tips acute; river and stream banks, marshy fields and mixed wet woods; Gadsden, Jackson and Leon cos.; Mar-Apr.
332. Salix floridana Chapman
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; Nelson, plate #131 endemic except for 2 cos. in GA 

 Argus, 61-66

Clewell, 477

Godfrey, 622-623, 625

Godfrey and Wooten II, 36

Small, 414, as S. chapmanii

Ward, 156-157

Wunderlin, 252

 Florida willow Salicaceae;

willow family

 shrub, to 4 m tall; lvs alternate, 8-16 cm long, with toothed margins, bright green above, whitish beneath; male catkins 5-8 cm long; female catkins (on separate plants) 3-5 cm long; wet hammocks, dense bottomland forest, stream margins, swamps; Alachua, Citrus, Columbia, Jackson, Jefferson, (Lafayette), Lake, Levy, Marion, Orange, Putnam, Seminole and Suwannee cos.
333. Salvia urticifolia L.

[See Taylor, 272, 311; Bell and Taylor, 240-241, for other Salvia spp.]

FL to LA, GA to VA and KY 

 Clewell, 387

Radford et al., 913

Small, 1162

Wunderlin, 535-536

 nettle-leaved sage Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 herbs; stems several, to 8/10 m tall, leafy; lv stalks obscured by tissue which extends to stem; flrs blue to violet, 11 to 13 mm long; calcareous hammocks, upland glades; Alachua, Gadsden and Jackson cos.; Sep.
334. Sarracenia leucophylla Raf.
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 71; DPI poster, plate #3 GA, FL, AL, MS 

 Clewell, 479

Godfrey and Wooten II, 192,

195

Small, 582, as S.

drummondii

Ward, 108-109

Wunderlin, 319-320

 white-top pitcher plant Sarraceniaceae;

pitcher-plant

family

 herbs; insectivorous, lvs form a hollow tube (pitcher), pitcher erect, upper part is marked white with red or green venation (showy); flrs red to maroon, sweet odor; bogs, creek swamps, wet prairies; Bay, Calhoun, Escambia, (Gulf), Franklin, Holmes, Liberty, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa and Walton cos.; Mar-May and occasionally in fall.
335. Savia bahamensis Britton
 
 
 
 

| Chafin; Scurlock, p. 145 FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 842-844

Long and Lakela, 547

Small, 777

Wunderlin, 407

 maiden bush Euphorbiaceae;

spurge family

 shrub, to 5 m tall, smooth, pale gray bark, separate and plants; lvs obovate or ovate to 3 cm long, glabrous, leathery; flrs in dense axillary clusters, tiny, 5 exserted stamens; flrs few or solitary in axils, ca. 2 mm wide, 3 stigmas; frt 3-lobed capsule to 6 mm long; coastal hammocks, low areas; Dade Co. and Monroe Co. [Keys only]; spring.
336. Schaefferia frutescens Jacq.
 
 
 
 

| Scurlock, p. 147

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 870-872

Long and Lakela, 569

Small, 820

Wunderlin, 414

 Florida boxwood

yellow wood

boxwood

 Celastraceae;

staff-tree family

 shrub, to 6 m tall, branches with wart-like clusters o budscales; lvs evergreen, to 6 cm long elliptical , ovate or oblanceolate, glossy, revolute margins; flrs on stalks in axils, 3-5 flrs in clusters, flrs solitary or 2-3 clustered, 4 sepals and petals greenish; drupes red or scarlet, to 6 mm long; 2 bony seeds; hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
337. Schisandra coccinea Michaux

Kartesz: S. glabra (Bickn.) Rehd.
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas NC to FL, west to LA, AR, TN 

 Clewell, 481

Godfrey, 650-652, as

Kartesz

Radford et al., 476-477

Small, 534

Ward, 159

Wunderlin, 304, as Kartesz

 bay star vine

wild-sarsaparilla

schisandra

 Schisandraceae;

schisandra family

 woody vine; twining; lvs alternate, up to 15 cm long; flrs solitary in fl axils, long stalks to 15 cm; tepals 9-12; anthers embedded in disc; frt an aggregate of red berries; bluffs, floodplains; Gadsden, Jackson, (Leon), Liberty and Washington cos.; May-Jun.
338. Schizachyrium niveum (Swallen) Gould
 
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Hall, 437

Hitchcock, 753, as 

Andropogon niveus

Wunderlin, 130

 scrub bluestem Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 herb, to 65 cm tall, in tufts, slender rhizomes; lf sheaths keeled, glabrous, lf blades to 9 cm long and 3.7 mm wide, flat, but tightly enclosing the peduncle; raceme to 4 cm long, joints very hairy, 5-6 pairs of spikelets; 1st glume glabrous, sessile spikelet to 5.5 cm long and 6 mm wide; rosemary scrub; Highlands, Indian River, Osceola and Polk cos.; fall.
339. Schizachyrium sericatum (Swallen) Gould

endemic 

 Hall, 439

Hitchcock and Chase, 753

Wunderlin, 130-131

 silky bluestem Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 herb, to 80 cm tall, densely tufted; lf sheaths glabrous, lf blades folded, to 40 cm long and 4 mm wide; inflor densely branched, spathes inconspicuous; 1st glume 2-keeled, ca. 12 spikelet pairs, sessile spikelet 5 mm long; oolitic soil of Monroe Co. [Keys only].
340. Schizaea germanii (Fée) Prantl

FNA uses Actinostachys pennula (Sw.) Hook.; Small uses A. germani Fee; Atlas uses S. pennula Sw.
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Central and South America 

 FNA, 113

Lakela and Long, 47, 49

Long and Lakela, 74

Small: ferns, 331-333

Ward, 159-160

Wunderlin, 38, as FNA

 ray fern

tropical curly-grass

 Pteridophyta-- 

Schizaeaceae;

curly-grass family

 fern; bristly hairy rhizome; lvs grass-like, few, tufted, to 12 cm tall; sporangia naked under reflexed margin; low hammocks; Dade (extirpated?), Palm Beach and Pinellas (extirpated?) cos. 
341. Schwalbea americana L.

Federal Register, 29 Sept 1992
 
 
 

| Chafin FL to LA and SC, AL to TN 

 Clewell, 490

Godfrey and Wooten II, 669-

670

Radford et al., 961-962

Small, 1223

Wunderlin, 557

 chaff seed Scrophulariaceae;

figwort family

 perennial; to 6/10 m tall; lvs alternate, sessile, entire; flrs solitary in axils of green lvs, at end of stem, flrs 2-lipped, yellow or purplish; anther sacs not spurred; savannahs and pinelands; Brevard, Duval, Gadsden (extirpated?), Highlands, (Hillsborough), (Leon), Levy, Manatee, Polk, Putnam and Volusia cos.; May-Jun.
342. Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw.
 
 
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, South America and Old World tropics 

 Correll and Correll, 244,

246-247

Godfrey and Wooten I, 405, 

497-408

Long and Lakela, 235-236

Small, 191

Wunderlin, 178

 Keys' nutrush

slender nutrush

 Cyperaceae;

sedge family

 perennial herb, nodulose rootstock, tufts; lf sheaths overlapping, lowest lvs with no blades, blades 1-3 mm wide, enrolled; panicle lax, bracts longer than spikelets, each cluster with 2-4 spikelets; achene without basal disc but with 3 small depressions at base, surface smooth, glossy, white, 3-angled, 2-2.5 mm long; pine rockland hammocks; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.
343. Scutellaria floridana Chapman

Federal Register, threatened: 8 May 1992

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 387

Small, 1152

Wunderlin, 536-537

 Florida skullcap Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 herb; lvs entire, linear, 1-2 mm wide, base wedge-shaped; corolla 12-25 mm long, pubescent; wet flatwoods, grassy openings; Franklin, Gulf and Liberty cos.; Jun-Aug.
344. Scutellaria havanensis Jacq.
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 1269-

1270

Long and Lakela, 745

Small, 1150-1151

Wunderlin, 536-537

 Havana skullcap

Cuban skullcap

 Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 herb, to 30 cm tall, pubescent; lvs opposite, ovate or orbicular-ovate, to 1.5 cm long, toothed or entire margins; flrs solitary in axils, calyx to 1.5 mm long, crest or bump on its back; corolla dark blue, tubular, to 1.5 cm long; fruiting calyx 3 mm long, 4 nutlets; pinelands; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos.; all year.
345. Selaginella eatonii Hieron. ex Small

Atlas: S. armata Baker var. eatonii (Hieron. ex Small) B. F. Hansen and Wunderlin
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 2, 4

FNA, 62

Small: ferns, 422-423, as

Diplostachyum eatoni

Wunderlin, 34-35

 Eaton's spike-moss Pteridophyta--

Selaginellaceae;

spike-moss family

 fern ally; prostrate, matted, stems to 4 cm long; lvs papery, iridescent, in 2 planes: lower lvs to 1.5 mm long, spreading, with obtuse to abruptly acute tips; upper (=median) lvs to 1.2 mm long, serrate, and with acuminate tips bristly for 1/3 length of lv; strobili solitary; sink holes in pine rocklands; Dade and (Monroe) cos.
346. Setaria chapmanii (Vasey) Pilger

Kartesz uses Setaria chapmanii

Wunderlin uses Paspalidium chapmanii Vasey

Atlas: Paspalidium chapmanii (Vasey) Davidse and R. Pohl

FL, West Indies 

 Correll and Correll, 157,

as Panicum

Hall, 267

Hitchcock and Chase, 636

Long and Lakela, 182

Small, 68

Wunderlin,122 

 coral panic grass

coral panicum

 Gramineae/

Poaceae;

grass family

 perennial herb, to 1 m tall, tufted, knotted rhizomes; panicle branches extending beyond the last spikelet as a bristle; spikelets to 1.3 mm wide and 2.2 mm long; cleared areas, cultivated fields, shell mounds, hammocks, prairies and bay shores; Dade, Lee and Monroe [incl. Keys] cos.
347. Sideroxylon alachuense L. C. Anderson

| Chafin 
endemic 

 Godfrey, 631-633

SIDA 17(3): 565-567 [1997]

Wunderlin, 661

 Clark's buck-thorn

silver buckthorn

silver bully

 Sapotaceae;

sapote family

 shrub; stems glabrous (or whitish hairs very early), gray or silvery; lower surface of lvs with silvery pubescence, upper surface dark green; clusters of flrs on spur shoots, pedicels 4-5 mm ; hardwood hammocks; Alachua, Marion and Orange cos.; Jul.
348. Sideroxylon lycioides L.
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin 
VA to IL and MO, s to FL and TX 

 Clewell, 478

Godfrey, 633, 635,636

Godfrey and Wooten II, 505

Radford et al., 825-826

Small, 1034

Ward, 132-133

Wunderlin, 483-484

 buck-thorn

mock-orange

ironwood

shittimwood

buckthorn bully

 Sapotaceae;

sapote family

 shrub or small tree; lvs persistent, glabrous except for midrib, widest at the middle, 4-14 cm long, apex acute; corollas 5 mm wide, flrs borne on spur shoots; berry oval,

10 mm long; hammocks, floodplains; Alachua, Clay, Dixie, Escambia, Gadsden, Jackson, Jefferson, Liberty, Marion, Orange, Putnam, Santa Rosa and (Wakulla) cos.; April.
349. Sideroxylon thornei (Cronq.) T. D. Pennington
 

| Atlas; Chafin 
FL, GA 

 Godfrey, 639, 641

Wunderlin, 483-484

 Thorne's buck-thorn

Georgia bully

 Sapotaceae;

sapote family

 shrub; stems glabrous (or with whitish hairs very early), green or brown; lvs green and glabrous, upper surface faintly reticulate veined, veins not bony-cartilaginous; berries dull black, 8-10 mm long; margins of ponds; Escambia, Franklin, Gulf and Jackson cos.
350. Silene polypetala (Walter) Fern. and Schub.

Federal Register, 18 Jan 1991
 

| Chafin; DPI: Botany circular # 26; DPI poster, plate #26 GA and FL 

 Clewell, 268

Small, 507, as S. baldwynii

Wunderlin, 293-294

 fringed catchfly

fringed campion

fringed pink

eastern fringed catchfly

 Caryophyllaceae;

carnation family

 perennial herb, spreads by rhizomes and offshoots; rosettes and lower stem lvs opposite, obovate, 3-9 cm long; flrs in groups of 3-5, petals 5, pink (rarely white), fringed at tips; rich bluffs of Apalachicola River; Gadsden and Jackson cos; Mar-May.
351. Silene virginica L.
 
 

| Atlas FL, GA, north to AR, MN, Ontario, NY and NJ

 Radford et al., 446, 447

Small, 507

 fire pink Caryophyllaceae;

carnation family

 perennial herb, to 75 cm tall; lvs basal and 2-4 pairs on stem; cymes; calyx glandular pubescent, to 2.5 cm long; petals 5, cleft, clawed to top of calyx, limb to 2.5 cm long, appendages to 3 mm long, crimson; rich or dry woods; Bay Co.; spring.
352. Sphenomeris clavata (L.) Maxon

FNA uses Odontosoria clavata (L.) J. Smith
 
 
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 FNA, 205

Lakela and Long, 63, 64

Long and Lakela, 91-92

Small: ferns, 317-318

Wunderlin, 47, as

Odontosoria

 wedgelet fern

parsley fern

 Pteridophyta--

Dennstaedtiaceae/

Polypodiaceae/

Pteridaceae;

polypody, or

maidenhair fern

family

 fern; stems creeping, with closely spaced lvs; lv blade oblong to 25 cm long, papery, segments to 1.5 cm long and 2 mm wide giving a parsley look; sori on tips of segments; limestone sinks in rock pinelands; Dade and Monroe [Keys only] cos; all year.
353. Sphenostigma coelestinum (Bartram) Foster

Kartesz: Calydorea coelestina (Bartr.) Goldblatt and Heinrich
 
 
 

| Atlas; Chafin; DPI, Botany circular # 25; DPI poster, plate #56 endemic 

 Small, 326-327

Ward, 110-11

Wunderlin, 222, as

Calydorea caelestina

 Bartram's ixia Iridaceae; 

iris family

 perennial from a bulb-like corm; 1-3 basal lvs (rarely 4), up to 30 cm long and 4 mm wide, 1 or 2 stem lvs; 1 or 2 flrs, blue to violet with a white "eye", 5 cm wide, 3 petals and 3 petal like sepals; stigma and style trumpet-shaped; wet flatwoods, wet prairies; Baker, Bradford, Clay, Duval, Putnam, St. Johns and Union cos.; Apr-Jun.
354. Spigelia gentianoides Chapman

Federal Register, 26 Nov 1990
 
 
 

| Chafin GA, AL, FL 

 Clewell, 424

Small, 1046

Wunderlin, 491

 gentian pinkroot Strychnaceae;

strychnine family

Loganiaceae;

logania family

 perennial herb; single stem to 30 cm tall; lvs opposite and sessile; flrs in spike-like group, point upwards, corollas tubular, pale pink; stamens inside flr; oak-pine woods, 

rich humus; Calhoun, Jackson and Washington cos. (Historically in Liberty and Gadsden cos., now extirpated?) misidentified from Levy Co.; May-Jul.
355. Spigelia loganioides (Torrey and A. Gray) DC.

synonym: Coelostylis loganioides Torrey and A. Gray.

| Atlas endemic 

 Godfrey and Wooten II, 516

Small, 1045

Ward, 160-161

Wunderlin, 491

 Levy pinkroot Strychnaceae;

strychnine family

Loganiaceae;

logania family

 annual; to 30 cm tall; flrs in forks of leafy branches or in 

lf axils, style jointed near the middle; swamps and wet woods; Citrus; Levy, Marion and Sumter cos.; Apr-Jun.
356. Spiranthes adnata (Sw.) Benth. ex Faucett

synonym: Pelexia adnata (Sw.) Spreng.
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 383,

384

Wunderlin, 240, as

Pelexia

 pelexia

hachuela

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 38 cm tall; roots thick, fleshy; lvs basal, to 20 cm long and 8 mm wide, petioled; inflor up to 15 flrs; flrs with greenish sepals, greenish-white petals, lip spur fused to the ovary (=adnate); rockland hammocks; Dade Co. (extirpated?); Dec-Jul.
357. Spiranthes brevilabris Lindl.

synonym: S. gracilis (Bigelow) Beck var. brevilabris (Lindl.) Correll 
 

| Atlas lower coast TX to NC and FL 

 Clewell, 188 as S. gracilis

Godfrey and Wooten I, as S.

gracilis var, 665-666

Luer, 102-104

Small, 381, as Ibidium

Wunderlin, 243-244

 small ladies'-tresses

Florida ladies'-tresses

slender ladies'-tresses

short-lip ladies'-tresses

Texas ladiestresses

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 40 cm tall; lvs 3 to 4, basal; inflor slender, to 35 flrs in single rank, spiraled; flrs glabrous, creamy-yellowish, lip with yellowish center; pine flatwoods; Alachua, Citrus, Duval, Lee, Levy, Madison, Orange, Polk and Volusia cos; Feb-May.
358. Spiranthes costaricensis Reichenb. f.

FL, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Luer, 114-115

Wunderlin, 243-244

 Costa Rican ladies'-

tresses

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 30 cm tall; lvs 4 or 5 in basal rosette; inflor slender, loosely arranged flrs, 10-35 flrs; flrs white, marked with bright green stripes; edges of solution holes 

in rockland hammocks; Dade Co; Mar-Apr.
359. Spiranthes elata (Sw.) L. C. Rich.
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Luer, 112-113

Small, 382-383, as 

Cyclopogon 

Wunderlin, 243-244

 tall neottia Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 50 cm tall; lvs 6 or 7 in basal rosette, petioled, to 15 cm long and 4 cm wide; inflor slender, on tall stalk, 10 to 30 flrs; flrs with greenish brown sepals and petal, pubescent, lip white, 6 mm long, with lobe as wide as the body of the lip; solution holes in rockland hammocks, hammocks; (Charlotte), (Collier), Dade (extirpated?), Hernando, (Monroe) and (Palm Beach) cos.; Mar.
360. Spiranthes ovalis Lindl.

synonym: Ibidium ovale (Lindl.) House
 
 
 

| Bell and Taylor, p. 36 VA to MO, south to FL, west to TX 

 Clewell, 188

Godfrey and Wooten I, 663-

664

Luer, 106-107

Radford et al., 346-347

Small, 382

Wunderlin, 243-245

 lesser ladies'-tresses

October ladiestresses

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; to 40 cm tall; lvs 2 or 3, basal, to 15 cm long and 15 mm wide; inflor spiraled in more than one rank, up to 50 flrs; flrs white; moist shady wood, thickets, swamp margins, palmetto swampland; Alachua, Columbia, Jackson, Levy, Marion, Sumter and Suwannee cos; Sep-Nov.
361. Spiranthes polyantha Reichenb. f.
 
 

| Chafin FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 391-392

Luer, 116, 115

Wunderlin, 243-245

 Ft. George ladies-

tresses

FL Keys ladiestresses

gray ladiestresses

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; annual with stout tuberous roots; lvs to 11 cm long; inflor 10 to 40 flrs, spiraled, loosely arranged; petals greenish-purple, or brown to greenish brown, lip without basal callosities; rockland hammocks; Citrus, Dade, Duval, Martin and Sarasota cos.; Feb-Mar.
362. Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay and Sweet

synonym: S. tortilis (Sw.) L. C. Rich.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

| Chafin FL, Bermuda, West Indies, Central America 

 Correll and Correll, 392-393

Luer, 99, 101

Wunderlin, 243-254

 southern ladies'-

tresses

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 terrestrial; up to 50 cm tall; lvs 2 or 3, to 20 cm long and 5 mm wide, basal, not present at flowering; inflor up to 35 flrs, spiraled in single rank; flrs white with green throats; rockland pinelands, marl prairies; Dade and Monroe cos. Reports from northern counties are probably errors. Citrus, Collier and Palm Beach cos.; May-Jun.
363. Stachydeoma graveolens (Chapman) Small

synonym: Hedeoma graveolens Chapm. ex A. Gray
 
 
 

| Chafin endemic 

 Clewell, 382, as Hedeoma 

Godfrey, 407-409

Small, 1166

Wunderlin, 531, as Hedeoma

 mock pennyroyal Labiatae/

Lamiaceae;

mint family

 herbaceous to woody; lvs 5-20 cm long; 1-3 flrs per axils of lvs; lvs and bracts hiding the flr stalks; calyx 4-6 mm long; 2 fertile stamens; corollas nearly white, lower lip 

with a central mottled purple band and purple lobes; sandhills, wet flatwoods, pond margins; Bay,루V웝.cD``3`z zCLTUwʪ#/+?`̣%|_W!&Ap32dGp{CK;WYpɜ"zsD$ r#ZCF' c>Q$|(ٌj:O r{(/CHO~~sZrn4pka|{6Fy!cebIvNx&4,*:YUapuQw@ 0dϠ':[N!fL8)kH4 kyMlb"XzԚ%nR 3J+YT{ԆlrB/Cڑ&h`a!r9W K\-[:tB%nڌ-cqc!˖@txxnɓ 2{CkEzgຆnXH1B(Snj͏Bp'bЬҤd@L!~%9Wx‹Ƚi |@Tų@K*F-sdj#?+AL+ƫECh)1(WӆLcTSɆ*$W4Ｌ9p ~=tZX]^q=^)/{wW,s$[#]}qcWf ۃ=sӧcھiU"KbXKG4!Uvx,c@hU']VN~/$TP-o;5hO*ݲygR[zꪅ qwگ^65 uKHaGFҸ'DRTaK)mt޶ow19깁Tۅ쨞 g段U.3%^.K=Lr8)e1rcP(>.1ky 9ct %崋4ܝAW;# YbGpPRojpmfǒר>HVf d^9[Y&)!1ԕYS`EHceqЗ ?#Itev.Bq|sOQ|qM4x1):  ЦiG-&R?B%(><+NqBM*8 ^:oV+rYkoME+ s]< @֭ p?sاAkw/u46#Ft֬/&"g2y-cKUW$[Q~tG̓hDX_XWTَ%7Fꖰ8(p?<p dkDSJgXH(vaLľjHpS9fh^(IYܝUcN'G~ZIʼnętjQ=8r*B_DJ WXKhnIKEUäIjy {Y{eZ"WrrK:Իe̷ dD17)Jz18PvC,dC调+٪E[9c'ڗV{0g8W<~)@J (X\}Jѽc(Qsʬ GmC-?{8;~|N_~dѴxx͆*orVgWm՟hUz>NU{LmKq;xD6ݸľXؿGRjo+ 䓴"d]&8#Lָ{О=kS%)ـd,d ~6No"vjxE pҒuX=eɄG+[GlbH;l8s-xW! Z0 7Kj=uMe|kdwM<ˠ{kQ^r p+Gzz۪ˠ #fZ]-fUS7ψvY@I`O"06d'__C -{DR1RUMy`Uߝ5_C$7 WV};S'HIIgU^/eb>>Cf'^"%:7. POOX{s~_Y*]8>:@!tUJ3vrJ\u["᷅/p}z fMܡ3tfOyLT %_;n|Gf\ܩ]`x Yo[)ejIOb2SH$ꗽ:i̝'!{cuYY&Ƣ#{_iV"Ķ6 ]Wg tlr'g5|-NM +z e44dgMJ; l>y@w _YUai()S~ULݾVTnhQdm4F't<9LAyБE_R] ,DݵЦ%NM=\(l B(װ-*Ryh <0,cVǭQCjwWO;ؤͩq(Z@4v3'n-qo*uQb~@͗wjWx;z6 #u(*L7NJ(' -ӷHpdn&s '0xè 9J4(6ط }Lv,zk}s~ăԟw<3Ԭ{V4:]zQ ܎T&VB Q)j`%~/;O9x5a#/;`W@աR=15?H@&I:?T1[IiXP ?LyI"^1>/Qyn(Ao[<0NH I{96 H_gLʢq_z/VI&_u/M lF%3Y(JzȔFB;,b J"٫#P)oHUeCl޼ .-j]53'JQmV[.#0=lwUF?%3/Jmm.tkTXi$7_e:-6ExuGm,x_R6ըH19눵D +10OXwr {m*_Bv1b"%35y)E-ˉ⽽Ҭ'~9lo.YLĊ OPI/_8|1IVk?~2ꛄUҐfY@RˤSeYxМHO8{4 )sUA>X/-=g %eϋrY(76;zXd@M.+ygù5Tg|Mv& d.t4K3[Ʒ4j: QPx97X1 x2 ]$lIl!Į)]`:?sX5+wn•r?:k~tF S㢟qҖF5߃<8aPl`;cõ7o8q:qE џ(K'7w`[^4f^c${PX\)Tkt/n}F0PPlpYLĘ}P!Y'-Ia7͞}éGrmt?Umč$\Ɗȑv]gcW|MZGՁƫ`o*?*aޏʼn8-a1ɭr+d992QA Eu`mM#hܹCc X]> ʚIdX j UD׀iˠ(h]qDd{ ♡8-gHVU# DO2[ؗRe5he%,K5C &MӆUWRQXu}8 0] $dҜ0:Sc@JLV%"&kܥnfF 2=2/ZӬD :DtC7"YsYSD@:9C>˵0Oi:{pdzQ #M]:l< +ߑ4mI *vrE8'^V癷ݳgpK8P([A8Vp*s+Nw"Iz)ҏHv./D]⨴23O v .F9C.+EChdik!(yA3R/.lAꓳL*oyCo]ٯ7#^q̩ LӽQ(9zrpz㍃릊.TDOOUPB0:/:YmJYh8Li_KGdQ*E`A.+^\Q\XUXb0ۻ7X֮WqFBL1ҞyjNzpt6$'ixRPhZXOTT|mjj(Yz\4f*\hh;8~{w>TP&Ug^$>;@4g,$-5 کB?e];Bos>'RoiXYD5!n^7Q?S;Tv!\O8v>fA |\jCxU^Ӧ UTGLF]\@EA8FL, West Indies, Mexico 

 FNA, 304

Lakela and Long, 159

Long and Lakela, 103

Small: ferns, 206-207, as T.

minima

Wunderlin, 56-57

 least halberd fern

small halberd fern

 Pteridophyta--

Dryopteraceae/

Polypodiaceae

 fern; tiny; petiole equal to 3 times longer than blade, lvs deltoid or pentagonal, to 10 cm long and 7 cm wide, simple or with 1 to 2 pairs of segments; sori with peltate indusia; sinkholes ledges; (WX7TW\;8U@TxJQSD@ Ui~HV]ufgtX BQM]skdkEw&;ciu%=FW0766;y9}sE]ZL@VY Q KDP]iuvtYW8$e}xmp46pxnx{QVdb94)>t7$.58:~f#899aLWyvy,I]_[#H X|MSXXDOdXUPPmyKJ^LdPM|THTTZ\CsRAA]['8Gc0&% J:0lHf "sQĈaaTMm'(``XNHH{=@mg?a-5*;VVSqGQDOKVate6#\{a,SS-#"-%ИѪՃוšϐؐ#9u{sEST ^QFF@Q ?:9L[qB lfO}cEIc\WT[bYSsiGB  l6X-걍aJ{ \! ii)NT s_Vx9f~30_M@7%\SQC?lZYDZ{/'d,+#20lВΤؙ⥽츈܁ЗDžΗYB^JQU8) oCWt>9MxQe\'Rs]?b ]a R8)#d=myIrCg& rD_/sV "Dr_?FF~ArqE9d6$u+6D5tRW Oo\>Xi_u_p:N;qM{T4A a5RI(=FBvoO1xWb@uY".> Z)ҽ˄#Q)c3]ׄ߼ιK~X ۵K.Z\YXnj~2]NbA\o+ڲԿ \]SyzֶoV\+#‰Kt٧2Xc%E4>P+W[ ,Lg1JԶpoZj h%z|-XIFgyϸ?56"uˢ>zi_'Y ӊ Y^oyۦXdXf9ɖ7bҋkUsa7.!~-4Kl@E ݮ"`H&>41)mVݗKeźpBF& Oe/saiJPʣHrh ]`>2lFb,?<_P5A&dr]:ۮ-GYu*'oM =Im:c<2]Ж?m:X!t'ut`轾$^0 \7WCE֠ vQ:GqϒU'2I0Wu >AH޺ViX[< vɨU0kB\Eǿ=XdܑVmNm3L5w/AFXc9""{aXS (&q6[79K|TC>s6Ǡ,~^N3L K–>Y4(t̯J*VX>Q ÐHAgύs΃;џɄ}csz~Ӌ>M%U]Kbaƭ"∊ QֱPk>:ߢɨd3eVDΈ>F3M~,E4**aeLh*AfuIFLXgN$~ݧv1)hlD @X4_VVlHgf E;ɇ 8‽bHQ%GPU|iFYRhw*kc>]>{ˇ6˶Ī2(d /ƌp;dЪ^"Ȋ hg`+ڠ8ݝh6.'"*]>Sc#  FǾ~^|'5$:) wNPQCk@"!O&K;0Gh<$/bL }[A!Hág%&9ړ(2qWXw[ w9RMmЊ^T%۫!n䵗V1hN8ų3```Azw# |$W29_c V<.~&f^ g`J<7{GɠzOR#\5nԚ&ȩx a(W)l5N⾽Q%S` 1 mD:*ҁ2W gD&hئ!]3b--"IK}r>Gj+ .!7-PB^}QO?>-{ʧ:&Sg BrJ/-v 3 |2! *?K{-rQ a CeʼsҠ 0aQ|??}œm˷ - W ߐܘq.B}J Ϣ/f@7pi$f<#ްĜYV4..p_1ovUL+7qP"{ H WTixȶ> ̰Dĵvu6UYðqʵ64k=]e:?fAᅎnv%gWH$W@m{]=$sPiAymP}egOVb'|#gH$}fq[+H:ml(~Z8qtOUfySy4j4@_PK[W q.w5mkRD:dWJm,7XhR1TԀ9'gׯ|:zah"pJM&]9H)MUAG]!aʳƝWz({zm/ǬK^[џ H՘Or$ƑC 6ڔлv дq A􌐾[Е XZʱ 29m^!Ӻ6BFB$抁6fvt~ݱ4/K{v[3[ F @*RDX(Focݧk&Jz@ۭvMFRzI6:w^=Tm~ګx9Ev=}/Vwwk?)F7C?=%Y ]VX@-W>]`}?sgҭn+~+ʼ,]ɊaˑVVQR/)^."â\֞3:T-ZIV54tRĕ9AoM `XhϹL>L6H+ctbuf߄szrciD-(twgylz0,U6+ACK;(u)C]Ci]R%}$YS|oZ%&{ jٍ~.;-m̈+^xp]bMX{\BQzJcU g7?Kd|xNPVz_Jl/@]c2p̙SPό6s*~WLZ%$9EAmxۈ/?S,7lsSވr<08%9-*BwT&1EB#D'\vM*$NVbznv QqX%Nm xWdD5] M'1Rѷ Ve$Ȱȡ>_Bx,k*BggTB =ף$za`Cިwt᱇6!Gs1 kE6r0n=7 nӣ,CfOm5XslH<_ ވ qg;rvpZpTcW= Z{%{C[PݰPٷ*үn W`&lPJ:XZ̏Ou1%"AӿN;21]>rϞ萃P\ iQPCU pƅpCPC݋C&ENO JP~2ޓ]<,?E~NbW|"\RlY@t *VXk8A>Mi#}Rr@dk`,ixGDX}vϛoԟq5&4uL>6Ptrb=5;7w 805^rC $bY 'ЕmZG7s]OGdKöC% +]#^;nP՘ck+9jWƦ[g`H$ &ЖSNYbrPDf4oVTttF..}%8`Nu2Jg\¤dI0 - & D.eOh?M0S3iK*g,X޾qeP!ȍ@ʼn&؊o{pˎ #L-N[DHA2 H|>Ĝ._`,e|Dhʠ*5%8݂7 @5GW&-. oořo~@Ћ=}>S=,6zOZJRe~q{꯷&pzaA(qRM z"q)mxAPa6yg9Br톹') 2RھE(^DGsJS"Ъz:y{ }‰ @ǦLxMV= [BF!2M z:F匄™@'Vh!5>ZKZ SX2d Qvdj⿱ GO4DT&OKUd :&4sT4.4LG'D`F 6Ne}H\3@-BebWHlV&|T=z\ q.aDl*Y:;θ_4"I ldF"qGPRYK9b!#2xbu<'+ L` b$@)J)?B5Wb1r]WRY2Vɽ; `.or^fI  .]NaޒtkVhx$BdN]= nwOq=Ӎ ?~ мY=m]F*Wi`NR 7tqSyXYƈYYR] &dJF@3ISH98 4PAD8IJ Ti{hTY^OPaQRU KD\]wYI>JYgyRRMüi} SZRnm\0wN2F WZ%"2-UP+7 \Y9ǝ5k"L.XP91P]EU㾭 ]:\fx[T?`;wÕtPތD<bGSU ej]DNPE@@QPw{U27in,"DƮBg}pNڍ9<Ud;t >$[ ]E ^Uy+^Y&0Oj<wY(,)y+7MYYBoi<3p&bY8_`aϤ{ ܢE&jW.}HjmEI@ؑFo4T >%سYƯK>QV ]ol$e~ 7rc}<!M;bNFdE(nv꺚f@Y #L,(g `aKg!-0".h"N|a*'΄M >kpljZZ6t1̍S;ĶJc9Uz;xXe #p1A֤#75>=`P=Gco]o Z%Y>Vܠ"|ēVj=J̎ <'䞒.;/ifaBB>y4b[Ď8_k5DyO)5W눞QZtEEQ`KZ")l/~x_9?iScTe`pr<=u$ŗ< 674%;%PPܽUR!o&ScDϬEs⮣h~aF?)ǗӣA1OZF jd/ J"7l4R\iS#Ks:u hwWs7bV,n=K[7WTS a}Ѧf<2;dAp:!,Tca*׊_H_P%#(+Fԋ '<玘%.ˁR{Q]!)Xs5sWG75KF'r:N: !UiLܲQ$.4n>S+9GKZ6 |pXAFtL(HOw"NqC[{{EUĿ&''ӯUr@5AC))ٖc0;/ԧ3gGDzc>y `meRm1=;$ G]VLAD-GS WP_AZZU5WTD ZE2^Y2 NS_!t\|^_L&:NXR[]BPT^@T.[CC,GWBFV]PDKcE YZBY]O,:U KPPFMX\PBG[@[BR]GFTCXTZERU]TAG]TpdgA}^B\^Z]AQB&UQPG 8$ PGZVG^#;J+/_RjMR, @XM.TK ER&]M{ zF:rica 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p. 45; DPI poster, plate #62

 Correll and Correll, 280

Long and Lakela, 267

Small, 271

Wunderlin, 194-195

 common wild-pine

clustered wild-pine

dog-drink-water

quill-leaf

 Bromeliaceae;

pineapple family

 epiphyte; large rosette of lvs; lvs gray-green, dilated leaf bases, brown banded at base, with long attenuated tips, leathery; flower stalks shorter or equal to lv length and covered with bracts; hammocks, cypress swamps, pinelands;

Brevard, Broward, Charlotte, Collier, Dade DeSoto, Glades, Hardee, Hendry, Highlands, Hillsborough, Lee, Martin, Monroe, Okeechobee, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pinellas, Polk, Sarasota, Seminole and Volusia cos.; fall. 
385. Tillandsia pruinosa Swartz

| Bell and Taylor, p.45; Chafin FL, West Indies, tropical America 

 Long and Lakela, 267

Ward, 117-118

Wunderlin, 193-195

 fuzzy-wuzzy air plant Bromeliaceae;

pineapple family

 perennial epiphyte; to 25 cm tall; silvery white due to scales; lvs on elongate pseudobulbs; fl-stem hidden by pseudo-bulbs; floral bracts pinkish, flrs 5 to many, 3 violet petals; on dead trees; strand swamp; Collier Co.; all year.
386. Tillandsia utriculata L.

See note on #378.
 

| Atlas FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 Correll and Correll, 284

Long and Lakela, 265

Small, 271

Wunderlin, 194-195

 giant wild-pine

swollen wild pine

 Bromeliaceae; 

pineapple family

 epiphyte ( may tumble, continue to grow); rosette lvs up to 2 m tall, light-green, bases wide, not brown banded, attenuated tips, leathery; flower stalks zig-zag; hammocks, cypress swamps, pinelands; Putnam, Flagler, Sumter, Lake and Citrus cos. southward.
387. Torreya taxifolia Arnott

Federal Register, 23 Jan 1984
 
 
 

| Atlas; Bell and Taylor, p.9; Nelson, plate #6 endemic, except Decatur Co., GA 

 Clewell, 56

Godfrey, 59-61

Small, 12

Ward, 62-63

Wunderlin, 64

 Florida torreya

gopherwoܟH FOFOMLT !kb}]= RP \ 9-s8_8 HDFNJ&$"}ABg"wp~vue&^x5 }bZ`0/GVBWG  eG24@i8Gq|WIڒO8Zry0 F3Tq nN] p/?KrXEiq}K?QrL;t~ q_ y ^Թ)tf8q-N7ŽWUj#2*@Yk2ƀ#ӓ3f&詸?dfZ^ Qt2MmwJ"f3h1% GdURO p,@@p X#UG928%ڛF2ٓPs$HxKdj zv$.ECSYП(8͘6xc2@W_RzZ)N` u@nl$PI' wL[`^jIގǕ7Xp균 Ӳ<^oI$ӝ_B!eB w4 ɨ=Te9ZpE(j%CeP흧/UtKJ햠MUl`'_tbzja:=;>{"sA}y,ba4>oZCޥP\z!7gAy(6z%9(i$\pԪYEET.9*if)zabq&kφL IѠ  R>Vw1tȘYWdDgg~ aB3@P Ѣ'Ӂ: X&Jir~Y15BL~r채ϽUGǹ=N9* HB5tƗדR,UyaQ@A-Axz,-=i0Y;<׷4NI{к}0cXGܹxf|s#t4>e2 P.0š :[绘 !:L ?a4?@.ti\ض'L 5qarJB}¡I8δĂ<$%ԄqJ;X~qYnx:25K N-9ކSm#R{9,|H CqH$#KT9bP W%sepA^khCVNtwy$宅ք|D~p) JZ^] HP\m"BM=a(<`DWePmBh޿_$葛4\E1BA UF?> tpP}G\ MKA[ErzAAV _OF[SRV[Y<<1'WXOBC|X2 #:?q\}SjN{Bi]eXݹ29DNCL:eVT`Gp>vBa5!LiavhHaN(Kk^<}]kBwTi5~RyVgJzK2*!!A AB^ZK@<E ZILXLNPVBW\FQ\#8VGI> WL[GO^O$ Hh:WG> D ;EGATp Yu^R+RAJ AMJo_D] =:4; D@ 0 E GAE -UcSRQfGGR[\_Unes krausii Hook. and Grev.
 
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 195

Lakela and Long, 53, 55

Long and Lakela, 73

Small: fern, 52, 54-55

Wunderlin, 43-44

 Kraus' bristle fern Pteridophyta--

Hymenophyllaceae;

filmy fern family

 fern; epiphytic or terrestrial; horizontal rhizome, lvs spaced; lvs lobed, to 5 cm long and 1.5 cm wide, with stellate marginal hairs between the lobes and 2-celled glandular hairs on the petioles and veins; conic sori on lobes near lf-tip, lips brownish; limestone sinks in rock-land hammocks, bases of tree trunks; Dade Co.
392. Trichomanes lineolatum (Bosch) Hook. in 

Hook. and Baker
 
 
 

FL, West Indies, Mexico, Central and South America 

 FNA, 196

Lakela and Long, 53-54

Long and Lakela, 73

Small: fern, 52-53

Wunderlin, 43-44

 lined bristle fern

a filmy fern

 Pteridophyta--

Hymenophyllaceae;

filmy fern family

 fern; on rocks; threadlike matted rhizomes, spaced lvs; lvs round to obovate, irregularly lobed, to 3 cm long and 1.5 cm wide, with dark stellate hairs on the margin and 2-celled glandular hairs on the petioles and veins; 1 to 5 conic sori per lf, lips not winged, with dark marginal band 2-5 cells thick; limestone sinks; Dade Co. (extirpated?)unscented vanilla

(Atlas calls this 

commercial

vanilla; V. planifolia

original source.)

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; vine; nodes 5 to 8 cm apart; lv at each node, up to 25 cm long and 12 cm wide, thin; inflor axillary, 5 to 6 flrs; flrs chartreuse, white lip, unscented; bayhead, baygalls; Collier, Dade (extirpated?) and (Martin) cos.; spring to fall.
404. Vanilla phaeantha Reichenb. f.

FL, West Indies 

 Long and Lakela, 326

Luer, 70-71 

Small, 374

Wunderlin, 247

 leafy vanilla

oblong-leaved vanilla

 Orchidaceae;

orchid family

 epiphyte; vine; nodes 10-15 cm apart; lv at each node, up to 11 cm long and 3.5 cm wide, fleshy; inflo up to 12 flrs; flrs greenish; fruit to 8 cm long; strand swamps, dome swamps; Collier Co; May-Jul.